Neural Effects of Negative Affect on Food Choices and Reward Processing In Individuals with Binge Eating Episodes

项目摘要 暴饮暴食的特点是反复发作的吃大量的食物，吃得更多， 比正常情况下更快，直到感到不舒服的饱，以及感到厌恶自己，沮丧， 或是内疚两种饮食失调症的特征是暴饮暴食作为中心诊断 标准，神经性贪食症（BN）和暴食症（BED）。行为研究表明， 情绪和消极的紧迫感（在痛苦时鲁莽行事的倾向）往往会导致暴饮暴食。一 知识差距存在于1）哪些神经生物学基础与导致 失去控制并驱使暴饮暴食，2）神经递质相关的大脑回路是否可以特异性地 与暴饮暴食有关，以及3）大脑成像是否可以识别基于大脑的负面影响脆弱性 以及在自然环境中摄入过多的食物。这个应用程序将研究暴饮暴食 诊断类别，在正常体重的BN个体和肥胖的BED个体中，与 正常体重或肥胖对照。我们将应用认知控制和积极配价系统的结构 来自NIMH的研究领域标准（RDoC）项目以及功能磁共振脑 显像在目标1中。我们将测试负面情绪是否会在多巴胺释放期间改变大脑的强化学习。 锚定味觉奖励模式。在目标2中。我们将研究在食物选择范例中， 影响认知控制和食物评估的大脑回路。目标3：是测试大脑激活 预测食物摄入量或负面影响，在一个人的自然环境，使用生态瞬时 评估和膳食观察。暴饮暴食相关的疾病是主要的健康问题， 生活质量和死亡率增加，可用的治疗方法有限。神经生物学 潜在的暴饮暴食还没有得到很好的理解，也没有专门在一个transdiagnosis研究。 使用NIMH的研究领域标准的方法。这个项目将连接情感认知研究 对以暴饮暴食为特征的饮食失调症的神经生物学大脑研究的知识， 主要症状它将填补一个重要的研究和知识空白， 研究在未来。

Project Summary Binge-eating is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of foods, eating much more rapidly than normal and until feeling uncomfortably full, as well as feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or guilty after those episodes. Two eating disorders are characterized by binge-eating as central diagnostic criteria, bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). Behavior studies have shown that negative affect and negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) often drive binge-eating. A knowledge gap exists for 1) what neurobiological underpinnings are associated with negative affect that leads to loss of control and drives binge-eating, 2) whether neurotransmitter related brain circuits can be specifically linked to binge-eating, and 3) whether brain imaging can identify a brain based vulnerability for negative affect and excessive food intake in the natural environment. This application will study binge-eating across diagnostic categories, in individuals at normal weight with BN and obese individuals with BED, in contrast with normal weight or obese controls. We will apply the constructs cognitive control and positive valence system from NIMH's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project together with functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. In Aim 1. we will test whether negative affect alters brain reinforcement learning during a dopamine anchored taste reward paradigm. In Aim 2. we will study during a food choice paradigm the effects of negative affect on brain circuitry for cognitive control and food valuation. Aim 3. is to test whether brain activation predicts food intake or negative affect in a person's naturalistic environment, using ecological momentary assessment and meal observation. Binge-eating associated disorders are major health concerns with reduced quality of life and increased mortality rate, and the available treatments are limited. The neurobiology underlying binge-eating is not well understood and has not specifically been studied in a transdiagnostic approach using the NIMH's research domain criteria. This project will bridge affective-cognitive research knowledge with neurobiological brain research across eating disorders characterized by binge-eating as primary symptom. It will fill an important research and knowledge gap to develop intervention-directed research in the future.