Neural Effects of Negative Affect on Food Choices and Reward Processing In Individuals with Binge Eating Episodes

项目摘要 暴饮暴食的特征是反复发作，吃大量的食物，吃得更多 比平时快，直到感到不舒服的饱腹感，以及对自己的厌恶，抑郁， 或者在这些事件之后有罪。以暴饮暴食为中心诊断的两种饮食失调 标准，神经性暴食症(BN)和暴饮暴食障碍(BED)。行为研究表明，消极的 情感和消极的紧迫感(在痛苦时轻率行事的倾向)往往会导致暴饮暴食。一个 知识鸿沟存在于1)什么神经生物学基础与导致的负面情绪有关 失控和暴饮暴食，2)神经递质相关的大脑回路是否可以 与暴饮暴食有关，以及3)大脑成像是否可以识别大脑对负面情绪的脆弱性 以及在自然环境中摄入过多的食物。这个应用程序将研究各地的暴饮暴食 诊断类别，在患有BN的正常体重的人和有床的肥胖者中，与 正常体重或肥胖对照。我们将应用认知控制和正价系统的结构。 来自NIMH的研究领域标准(RDoC)项目以及功能磁共振脑 成像。在目标1中，我们将测试在多巴胺作用下，负性情绪是否会改变大脑强化学习。 锚定的品味奖励模式。在目标2中，我们将在食物选择范例中研究消极因素的影响。 对认知控制和食物估价的大脑回路的影响。目标3.是测试大脑是否被激活 预测一个人的自然环境中的食物摄入量或负面影响，使用生态瞬时 评估和用餐观察。暴饮暴食相关的疾病是主要的健康问题， 生活质量和死亡率增加，可利用的治疗手段有限。神经生物学 暴饮暴食的潜在原因还没有被很好地理解，也没有在跨诊断研究中被具体研究 使用NIMH的研究领域标准的方法。这个项目将在情感认知研究之间架起桥梁。 对以暴饮暴食为特征的饮食障碍的神经生物学大脑研究有一定的了解 主要症状。发展干预导向将填补一项重要的研究和知识空白 未来的研究。

Project Summary Binge-eating is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large amounts of foods, eating much more rapidly than normal and until feeling uncomfortably full, as well as feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or guilty after those episodes. Two eating disorders are characterized by binge-eating as central diagnostic criteria, bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). Behavior studies have shown that negative affect and negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when distressed) often drive binge-eating. A knowledge gap exists for 1) what neurobiological underpinnings are associated with negative affect that leads to loss of control and drives binge-eating, 2) whether neurotransmitter related brain circuits can be specifically linked to binge-eating, and 3) whether brain imaging can identify a brain based vulnerability for negative affect and excessive food intake in the natural environment. This application will study binge-eating across diagnostic categories, in individuals at normal weight with BN and obese individuals with BED, in contrast with normal weight or obese controls. We will apply the constructs cognitive control and positive valence system from NIMH's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project together with functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. In Aim 1. we will test whether negative affect alters brain reinforcement learning during a dopamine anchored taste reward paradigm. In Aim 2. we will study during a food choice paradigm the effects of negative affect on brain circuitry for cognitive control and food valuation. Aim 3. is to test whether brain activation predicts food intake or negative affect in a person's naturalistic environment, using ecological momentary assessment and meal observation. Binge-eating associated disorders are major health concerns with reduced quality of life and increased mortality rate, and the available treatments are limited. The neurobiology underlying binge-eating is not well understood and has not specifically been studied in a transdiagnostic approach using the NIMH's research domain criteria. This project will bridge affective-cognitive research knowledge with neurobiological brain research across eating disorders characterized by binge-eating as primary symptom. It will fill an important research and knowledge gap to develop intervention-directed research in the future.