Predicting Young Adult Health: Family Aggression and Bioregulatory Pathways

项目摘要 敌对的婚姻冲突和严厉的养育（家庭攻击）非常普遍。慢性 暴露于家庭攻击会增加个人反社会和危险行为的风险， 情绪低落和认知能力下降这项研究的重大差距包括缺乏 适应和不适应的长期发展轨迹研究 与家庭暴力有关此外，解释轨迹的可变性 家庭攻击背景下的健康-为什么有些人表现出弹性，而其他人 是科学和实践的迫切需要。拟议的研究将解决这些问题 开放性问题，并将阐明自主神经系统活动和睡眠调节 参数（生物调节过程），以及社会背景变量（社会经济 地位），这可能会调解家庭攻击的风险，或操作加剧或保护 从童年到早期的情绪和行为失调 成年该设计建立在一个良好表征的6波研究基础上，并涉及2个额外的 波样本由六个研究浪潮中8至18岁的青年组成， 在第七次浪潮中将是22-23年。设计的优势包括大型和多样化 样本，高保留率，跨重要成果领域的测量广度，以及 8个研究波，允许分析心理健康，物质使用， 和认知功能通过经过充分验证的措施对构件进行评估， 程序.这项研究将促进对家庭攻击的长期影响的了解; 阐明传递风险或发挥脆弱性或保护作用的生物调节过程 在家庭攻击的背景下的因素;并记录家庭的年轻成年人的结果 在公共卫生优先领域的侵犯行为，如药物使用和精神健康 （健康人2020）。多样化的社区样本允许测试研究问题 在不同的社会经济地位中。研究结果将有助于确定最有可能感染艾滋病毒的青少年。 在成年早期出现负面的心理和行为健康结果，并确定家庭和 预防和干预的生物调控目标。

PROJECT SUMMARY Hostile marital conflict and harsh parenting (family aggression) are highly prevalent. Chronic exposure to family aggression elevates individuals’ risk for antisocial and risky behavior, depressed mood, and cognitive decrements. Significant gaps in this research include scarce investigations of long-term developmental trajectories of adaptation and maladaptation associated with exposure to family aggression. Furthermore, explaining variability in trajectories of health in the context of family aggression—why some individuals exhibit resilience and others deteriorate—is a critical need for science and practice. The proposed study addresses these open questions and will illuminate autonomic nervous system activity and sleep regulation parameters (bioregulatory processes), as well as social context variables (socioeconomic status), which may mediate the risk of family aggression or operate to exacerbate or protect against its effects on emotional and behavioral maladjustment from childhood through early adulthood. The design builds on a well-characterized 6-wave study and involves 2 additional waves. The sample consists of youth between 8 and 18 years across the six study waves who will be ~22-23 years at the seventh wave. Strengths of the design include the large and diverse sample, high retention rates, breadth of measurement across important outcome domains, and 8 study waves, permitting analyses of long-term trajectories of mental health, substance use, and cognitive functioning. Constructs are assessed with well-validated measures and procedures. The study will advance understanding of the long-term effects of family aggression; elucidate bioregulatory processes that transmit risk or function as vulnerability or protective factors in the context of family aggression; and document young adult outcomes of family aggression in domains of public health priority, such as substance use and mental health (Healthy People 2020). The diverse community sample allows tests of research questions across a wide range of socioeconomic status. Results will help identify youth at greatest risk for negative mental and behavioral health outcomes in early adulthood and identify family and bioregulatory targets for prevention and intervention.