Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction, Brain and Neurobehavioral Development in Autism

项目概要/摘要-研究部分 这项研究的目标是“睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱，大脑和神经行为发育 自闭症”是研究睡眠紊乱和昼夜休息/活动节律（RAR）改变如何影响大脑 发展，认知和适应功能，以及自闭症儿童症状的严重程度。睡眠不安 在患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童中非常普遍;估计超过60%的人表现出 频繁的睡眠障碍，包括延迟睡眠开始，夜间睡眠不完整，清晨 醒来虽然通常被视为ASD的后果，但睡眠障碍不仅可能对自闭症有急性影响， 认知、适应功能和行为障碍。值得注意的是，虽然许多研究 评估了睡眠障碍与神经影像学之间的关系，以及神经影像学与ASD之间的关系，没有 据我们所知，这项工作已将这些专题结合起来。此外，睡眠和RAR的严格比较 尚未在ASD中进行通过父母报告和体动记录的度量。 对于这个项目，我们建议通过改进睡眠/觉醒问题如何解决这些差距， 通过将新的统计模型应用于客观（使用体动记录仪）和 父母报告（使用CSHQ）测量并检查睡眠紊乱和RAR改变如何影响大脑 ASD儿童的结构和功能。我们把这个项目嵌入肯尼迪克里格研究所-约翰 霍普金斯大学智力和发育障碍研究中心（IDDRC），利用关键的 表型评估、神经影像学、生物统计学和程序行为准备方面的资源 这些都可以通过中心获得。与此同时，这个调查小组带来了新的统计和 流行病学专业知识，中心核心，进行这项研究，在200名儿童与非ASD。经由该 项目，中心资源将用于进一步整合这一人群与493名儿童与现有数据（但 而不是腕关节活动记录仪），为中心研究建立了大量良好的表型人群。这项工作将有助于 改善和告知睡眠障碍和ASD儿童的临床和预防实践， 睡眠表征和病因学的方法学进展。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT – RESEARCH COMPONENT The goal of this study entitled, “Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction, Brain and Neurobehavioral Development in Autism” is to examine how disturbed sleep and altered circadian rest/activity rhythms (RARs) affect brain development, cognitive and adaptive function, and symptom severity in children with autism. Disturbed sleep is highly prevalent among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); over 60% are estimated to exhibit frequent sleep disturbances, including delayed sleep onset, fragmented nighttime sleep, and early-morning waking. While typically viewed as a consequence of ASD, disturbed sleep may not only have acute effects on cognition, adaptive functioning, and behavioral disturbances in this population. Notably, while many studies have evaluated the relationship between disordered sleep and neuroimaging, and neuroimaging and ASD, no work, to our knowledge, has integrated these topics. Furthermore, rigorous comparison of sleep and RAR metrics via parent-report and actigraphy have not been conducted in ASD. For this project, we propose to address these gaps through refining how sleep/wake problems are assessed in children with ASD by applying novel statistical modeling to both objective (using actigraphy) and parent-report (using CSHQ) measures and examining how disturbed sleep and altered RARs might affect brain structure and function in children with ASD. We embed this project in the Kennedy Krieger Institute-Johns Hopkins University Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (IDDRC), leveraging crucial resources in phenotypic assessment, neuroimaging, biostatistics, and behavioral preparation for procedures that are available through the Center. At the same time, this investigative team brings new statistical and epidemiologic expertise to Center Cores, to conduct this study in 200 children with and without ASD. Via this project, Center resources will be used to further integrate this population with 493 children with extant data (but not wrist actigraphy), establishing a large-well phenotyped population for Center research. This work will help to refine and inform clinical and prevention practices among children with disordered sleep and ASD, providing methodological advances in sleep characterization and etiology.