Training in Malaria Research in Myanmar

项目摘要 东南亚大湄公河次区域(GMS)的疟疾仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题 有问题。受最近在减少疟疾相关发病率和死亡率方面取得的成就的推动，6 大湄公河次区域国家批准了一项区域消除疟疾计划，其最终目标是完全消除 到2030年疟疾。然而，这一雄心勃勃的计划遇到了一系列必须解决的挑战。 紧急情况下。在大湄公河次区域，疟疾在疾病分布上表现出极大的异质性，缅甸 占该地区确诊疟疾病例的近一半。最近出现的青蒿素 恶性疟原虫耐药性与间日疟一线治疗效果恶化 是消除疟疾的主要关切。此外，主要病区出现了抗药性。 疟疾病媒损害了核心病媒控制措施的有效性，如杀虫剂处理 蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒。尽管需要加强研究来解决这些问题， 缅甸在疟疾研究方面训练有素的劳动力严重短缺。因此，这次培训 该计划将解决疟疾研究中的关键知识差距，重点放在三个科学领域。具体来说， 我们的目标是了解该地区疟疾流行病学的变化，密切监测临床疗效。 开发抗疟疾药物，阐明潜在的耐药机制，并确定其程度， 主要疟疾媒介蚊虫对拟除虫菊酯抗性的分布及其机制。在此培训范围内 南佛罗里达大学和南佛罗里达大学不同科学学科的导师 Medal Magway将联手提供创新方法方面的多学科培训，以解决关键问题 这一地区当前消除疟疾运动中存在的问题。根据培训需求评估，我们 建议使用双轨培训机制：1)长期培训三名初级教职员工，三名 博士后研究员和6名博士后学生，以及2)通过以下方式对流行国家科学家进行短期培训 一年一度的短期课程和讲习班。此应用程序中设计的整体培训范例将确保 所有受训人员都获得了进行独立研究所需的技术技能和智力专长。 关于疟疾的。此外，这一培训方案将作为转让赋权的重要平台 向地方病地区的科学家提供技术。通过促进这些实习生的职业生涯，该计划旨在建立 缅甸拥有足够数量的调查人员和必要的知识网络，以专注于疟疾研究。

Project Summary Malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) of Southeast Asia remains an important public health problem. Motivated by recent achievements in the reduction of malaria-related morbidity and mortality, six GMS countries have endorsed a regional malaria elimination plan with the ultimate goal to wholly eliminate malaria by 2030. However, this ambitious plan encounters a battery of challenges that must be addressed urgently. In the GMS, malaria shows tremendous heterogeneity in disease distribution, with Myanmar accounting for nearly half of the region confirmed malaria cases. The recent emergence of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and deteriorating efficacy of the frontline treatment for Plasmodium vivax are major concerns for malaria elimination. Furthermore, the emergence of insecticide resistance in major malaria vectors compromises the effectiveness of the core vector control measures such as insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying. Despite the need for strengthened research to address these problems, there is a critical shortage in a well-trained workforce in malaria research in Myanmar. Therefore, this training program will address key knowledge gaps in malaria research, focusing on three scientific areas. Specifically, we aim to understand the changing malaria epidemiology in this region, to closely monitor the clinical efficacies of antimalarial drugs and elucidate the underlying resistance mechanisms, and to determine the extent, distribution, and mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in major malaria vector mosquitoes. Within this training program, mentors of diverse scientific disciplines from the University of South Florida and University of Medicine Magway will join forces to offer multidisciplinary training in innovative approaches that address critical problems in the current malaria elimination campaign in this region. Based on training needs assessment, we propose to use a double-track training mechanism: 1) long-term training of three junior faculty members, three postdoctoral fellows and six PhD students, and 2) short-term training of endemic country scientists through annual short courses and workshops. The overall training paradigm designed in this application will ensure that all trainees obtain the required set of technical skills and intellectual expertise to conduct independent research on malaria. In addition, this training program will serve as an important platform for the transfer of enabling technologies to endemic-area scientists. By advancing the careers of these trainees, this program aims to build a critical mass of investigators and a necessary intellectual network in Myanmar to focus on malaria research.