Neurobehavioral Effects of Frequent Co-use of Alcohol and Cannabis

项目摘要 同时饮酒和大麻(SAM)会导致更多的渴望，使用和 与单一使用酒精或大麻相比的后果。然而，知识的匮乏。 关于SAM使用者的神经、神经内分泌和行为差异会增加这些疾病的风险 消极的结果。目前的提案旨在通过审查如何解决这一重大的知识差距 与单一物质使用者相比，SAM使用者的应激相关神经和神经内分泌过程可能不同 或者是对照组。报告SAM的440名男性和女性的性别平衡样本 仅使用酒精、仅使用大麻，或既不酗酒/酗酒也不吸食大麻 完成神经成像课程和三次为期14天的生态瞬时评估(EMA) 为期一年的课程。在神经成像过程中，参与者将完成一项压力提示反应任务 同时接受功能磁共振检查，并抽血评估应激诱导的皮质醇反应。参与者 将完成重点关注压力、渴望和药物使用的日常经历的基线EMA突发事件，并将 在基线后6个月和12个月完成随访。这项建议旨在更好地理解 应激过程与SAM使用者的风险增加有关。具体地说，该提案将调查1) 神经和神经内分泌对应激的反应是如何由组来调节的(例如，SAM，仅酒精， 纯大麻，对照)，性，以及群体x性之间的相互作用；2)群体，性别，以及群体x性 相互作用和神经/神经内分泌反应调节应激和神经内分泌之间的短暂关系 日常生活中的渴望/使用；以及3)群体、性和群体x性互动，以及神经/神经内分泌 在一年的随访期内，反应缓和了渴望/使用的轨迹。大体上，我们预计 虽然单一物质使用者会有一些失调，但SAM使用者将表现出最大的压力 相对于对照组和女性(vs.男性)的调节失调会表现出更大的调节失调 神经/神经内分泌对压力的反应，压力与渴望/利用之间更大的瞬时关系， 以及更陡峭的渴望/使用轨迹。成功实现这些目标将极大地推动我们的 对SAM使用增加物质使用障碍和其他疾病风险的机制的理解 消极结果，这将是指导今后干预和预防工作的关键。

Project Summary Simultaneous use of alcohol and marijuana/cannabis (SAM) leads to increased craving, use, and consequences compared to single use of either alcohol or cannabis. However, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the neural, neuroendocrine, and behavioral differences in SAM users that increases risk for these negative outcomes. The current proposal aims to address this significant gap in knowledge by examining how stress related neural and neuroendocrine processes may differ in SAM users relative to single substance users or a control group. A sex-balanced sample of four hundred forty male and female individuals reporting SAM use, alcohol use only, cannabis use only, or neither binge/heavy alcohol use nor cannabis use will be recruited to complete a neuroimaging session and three 14-day bursts of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over the course of one year. During the neuroimaging session, participants will complete a stress cue reactivity task while undergoing fMRI and will also have blood drawn to assess stress-induced cortisol response. Participants will complete a baseline EMA burst that focuses on daily experiences of stress, craving and drug use, and will complete follow-up bursts at 6- and 12-months post-baseline. This proposal aims to better understand how stress processes are related to increased risk among SAM users. Specifically this proposal will investigate 1) how neural and neuroendocrine responses to stress are moderated by group (i.e., SAM, alcohol-only, cannabis-only, control), sex, and the interaction of group x sex; 2) how group, sex, and group x sex interactions, and neural/ neuroendocrine responses moderate the momentary relationships between stress and craving/use in daily life; and 3) how group, sex, and group x sex interactions, and neural/neuroendocrine responses moderate the trajectory of craving/use over a one-year follow-up period. Broadly, we expect that while single substance users will have some dysregulation, SAM users will exhibit the greatest stress dysregulation relative to controls, and females (vs. males) will demonstrate greater dysregulation of neural/neuroendocrine responses to stress, greater momentary relationships between stress and craving/use, and steeper trajectories of craving/use. Successful completion of these aims will significantly advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which SAM use increase risk for substance use disorders and other negative outcomes, which will be key in guiding future intervention and prevention efforts.