BIOANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF THERMAL LENS SPECTROMETRY

这项研究的主要目的是开发新的 数据的独特测量工具和方法， 目前使用现有技术无法获得。 发展是 战略上基于开发的独特属性， 热透镜效应 具体来说，第一个，超灵敏，高度 选择性快速扫描多波长热透镜分光光度计 （MWTL）和MWTL-圆二色性分光偏振仪（MWTL-CD）将被 构建了 这些工具能够执行直接（即; 无预处理）和同时测定（化学和 立体化学）多组分、小体积（穆尔）生物样品， 非常低的浓度。 在一个应用中，开发的MWTL-CD 旋光分光光度计用于第一手性分离， 反式-7，8-二羟基-9，10-环氧-7，8.9，10- 四羟基苯并（a）芘（BPDE）-调查类型， 目前尚不可行，但对于理解 苯并（a）芘与DNA的致癌和致突变反应。 基于 关于使用这些MWTL和MWTL-CD仪器，还将 开发的，这将提供，为第一次：（1）一个超灵敏， 准确的动力学方法，其中浓度的变化， 同时监测反应物和产物，以及（2） 界面水的系统结构研究（即，邻位 水，吸附在膜表面上的水的模型）。 逆转 胶束也可用于溶解生物样品（即， 蛋白质、核酸）进入非极性溶剂中， 比水更好的热光性能。 这种溶解过程 提供了两个主要优点：（1）热透镜的增强 化合物的信号和（2）进行测量的能力 这些化合物在液态水中（即，水池）的温度， 低至零下40摄氏度。 然后，所开发的装置和方法的协同使用将被实现。 用于水中酶促反应的动力学测定 室温和低温下的反胶束池。 相同的 当酶和底物 在非常薄的水膜中（即，邻水）。 从拟议的研究中获得的总体结果将提供 科学家们可以很容易地使用必要的工具和方法， 最后但敏感和选择性地确定结构， 健康相关化合物的浓度、功能和过程。 的 从BPDE的结构研究中获得的知识， 在有限体积水中的酶反应的测量将 毫无疑问，提供了根本重要的（但目前无法提供） 生物化学，生物学，化学， 医学和制药科学。

The main objective of this proposed research is to develop novel instruments and methods for the unique measurements of data which are currently unobtainable using existing techniques. The development is strategically based on the exploitation of the unique properties of the thermal lens effect. Specifically, the first, ultrasensitive, highly selective and rapid scanning multiwavelength thermal lens spectrophotometer (MWTL) and MWTL-circular dichroism spectropolarimeter (MWTL-CD) will be constructed. These instruments are capable of performing direct (i.e.; without pretreatment) and simultaneous determination (chemical and stereochemical) of multicomponent, small volume (mul) biological samples at very low concentrations. In one application, the developed MWTL-CD spectropolarimeter is used for the first chiral separation and determination of trans-7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8.9,10- tetrahydroxybenzo(a)pyrenes (BPDEs) -the type of investigation which is currently not feasible but is essential for the understanding of carcinogenic and mutagenic reactions between benzo(a)pyrene and DNA. Based on the use of these MWTL and MWTL-CD instruments, new methods will also be developed which will provide, for the first time: (1) an ultrasensitive and accurate kinetic method in which changes in the concentrations of the reactants and the products are simultaneously monitored and (2) the systematic structural investigation of interfacial water (i.e., vicinal water, a model for water adsorbed on surfaces of membranes). Reversed micelles will also be exploited to solubilize biological samples (i.e., proteins, nucleic acids) into nonpolar solvents which have relatively better thermo-optical properties than water. This solubilization process provides two main advantages: (1) the enhancement of the thermal lens signals of the compounds and (2) the capability to perform the measurements of these compounds in liquid water (i.e., water pools) at temperatures as low as -40 degrees C. Synergistic use of the developed apparatus and methods will then be performed for the kinetic determinations of enzymatic reactions in water pools of reversed micelles at room and cryogenic temperatures. The same kinetic measurements will also be performed when the enzymes and substrates are in a very thin film of water (i.e., vicinal water). Collectively results obtained from the proposed research will provide the necessary instruments and methods which scientists can easily use for the last but sensitive and selective determination of structures, concentrations, functions and processes of health related compounds. The knowledge obtained from the structural studies of BPDEs, the kinetic measurements of enzymatic reactions in a confined volume water will undoubtedly provide fundamentally important (but currently unavailable) information for such diverged fields as biochemistry, biology, chemistry, medicine and pharmaceutical sciences.