Improving Latino Health Literacy: An Intergenerational Approach

描述(由申请者提供)：这一快速通道SBIR的目的是为拉丁美洲人开发和评估一个与文化相关的健康素养培训计划，以提高保护健康和预防疾病的知识和技能。这项计划暂时命名为Entre Nuestra Familias/Under Our拉美裔家庭(ENF)。ENF计划借鉴了传统的西班牙裔价值观，提供了一种代际健康教育方法，为家庭中的多名成员提供关键健康素养技能的同时培训，以及关于交叉健康主题的信息，以加强家庭和社区内的健康行为。这一培训计划将通过以社区为基础的组织提供，以减少拉美裔人经常经历的护理机构障碍。2007年美国人口普查报告称，有4550万拉美裔美国人生活在美国。拉美裔不仅是美国增长最快的少数群体，而且他们还面临着巨大的健康挑战。事实上，拉美裔在几乎所有风险类别中都比非拉美裔白人承担更高的疾病负担，有证据表明，拉美裔经历的健康差距可能与医疗保健方面的重大障碍有关，包括医疗保险率低、英语水平低、缺乏准确和具有文化相关性的健康信息、缺乏具有文化能力的医疗设施和信息，以及对美国医疗体系的恐惧和不信任。由于这些差异及其对健康的影响，人们强烈呼吁制定符合文化背景的公共卫生倡议，以改善美国拉美裔美国人的健康。为此，KDH研究与传播公司将制定ENF计划。在第一阶段，KDHRC将开发培训计划的印刷部分，并与服务于拉丁裔的健康倡导组织Dia de la Mujer Latino合作，对该产品的有效性进行试点评估。在第二阶段，我们将扩大培训计划，为参与者提供视频元素，为主持人提供多媒体方面的培训。然后，我们将在多个地点实施和评估培训计划，以检验计划的有效性，以及不同社会因素(贫困、教育、原籍国、地理位置)在多大程度上最能预测计划的效果，采用准试验性前测、后测评估设计。在产品完成和评估后，ENF计划将在全国范围内向社区组织传播。评价的结果将通过学术文献、做法和政策简报进行传播，以增加关于减少拉美裔社区健康差距的最佳做法的科学知识。此外，我们将在我们的目标社区举行市政厅会议，向受研究影响最大的人传播评估结果。 公共卫生相关性：在几乎所有风险类别中，拉美裔美国人比非西班牙裔白人承担更高的疾病负担，因此，人们强烈呼吁公共卫生界制定文化上适当的干预措施，以减少健康差距。这项提议是制定一项代际健康素养培训计划，纳入拉美文化的关键方面，以吸引和留住参与者。该计划将通过以社区为基础的非营利组织和以信仰为基础的组织来实施，以减少护理障碍。在开发和评估该产品后，该培训计划将在全国范围内传播，为公共卫生领域提供有效和创新的工具，以减少拉丁裔之间的健康差距。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this FAST TRACK SBIR is to develop and evaluate a culturally relevant health literacy- training program for Latinos to improve the knowledge and skills to protect health and prevent disease. This program is tentatively entitled Entre Nuestra Familias/Among Our Latino Families (ENF). Drawing from traditional Hispanic values, the ENF Program provides an intergenerational approach to health education, offering multiple members of the family simultaneous training in key health literacy skills and information on cross-cutting health topics to reinforce healthy behaviors within families and communities. This training program will be offered through community-based organizations to reduce institutional barriers to care that are often experienced by Latinos. The U.S. Census reported in 2007 that there are45.5 million Hispanics living in the U.S. Not only do Latinos constitute the fastest growing minority group in the country, but they also face significant health challenges. Indeed, Hispanics bear a higher burden of disease than non-Hispanic whites in almost every category of risk, and there is evidence that the health disparities experienced by Latinos may be linked to significant barriers to health care, including low rates of health insurance, low English proficiency, lack of accurate and culturally relevant health information, a dearth of culturally competent health facilities and information, fear and mistrust of the U.S. Medical system. Because of these disparities and their resulting impact on health, there have been strong calls to develop culturally appropriate public health initiatives to improve the health of Latinos in the U.S. To that end, KDH Research & Communication will develop the ENF Program. In Phase I, KDHRC will develop the print portions of the training program, and conduct a pilot evaluation of the product's effectiveness, in collaboration with Dia de la Mujer Latino, a health advocacy group that serves Latinos. In Phase II, we will expand the training program to include video elements for the participants and multimedia aspects for the facilitator. Then, we will implement and evaluate the training program at multiple sites to examine the program's effectiveness and the extent to which different social factors (poverty, education, country of origin, geographic location) best predict efficacy of the program, using a quasi- experimental pre-test, post-test evaluation design. Following product completion and evaluation, the ENF program will be disseminated to community-based organizations nationwide. The results of the evaluation will be disseminated through the academic literature and practice and policy briefs to add to scientific knowledge about best practices for reducing health disparities in Latino communities. Further, we will conduct town hall meetings in our target communities to disseminate results of the evaluation to those most affected by the research. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Hispanics bear a higher burden of disease than non-Hispanic whites in almost every category of risk, and as a result, there have been strong calls for the public health community to develop culturally appropriate interventions to reduce health disparities. This proposal is to develop an intergenerational health literacy training program that incorporates key aspects of Latino culture to engage and retain participants. The program will be delivered through community based nonprofit and faith-based organizations to reduce barriers to care. After the development and evaluation of this product, the training program will be disseminated nationwide to provide the public health field with an effective and innovative tool to reduce health disparities among Latinos.