Rate of Weight Gain, Linear Growth, and Development During Childhood

描述（由申请人提供）：与儿童肥胖流行病相关的美国儿童体重增加可能导致儿童线性生长和发育的正常模式改变。很少有研究评价了体重增加对线性生长模式的影响，或对基于人群的美国儿童样本进行纵向跟踪的线性生长与青春期时间的关系。利用国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所早期儿童保育和青年发展研究的数据，这是一项综合研究，收集了从出生到15岁不同社会经济地位儿童的纵向生长和青春期测量数据，该提案为评估以下具体目标提供了前所未有的机会：评估儿童早期（2 - 7岁）BMI增加与儿童早期（2-7岁）身高增加的相关性，以及这种相关性如何因性别而异。目标二：分别评价男孩和女孩的幼儿期（2 - 7岁）BMI增加与青春期生长突增（身高峰值速度）的时间和幅度以及青春期（9 - 15岁）身高增加的相关性。目的3：探讨男、女儿童身高起飞时间和身高增长速度峰值与青春期发育的关系。目标4：根据儿童个体的身高增长速度曲线，评估儿童中早熟、中早熟和晚熟儿童的比例，并比较BMI z评分、儿童早期BMI的增加以及早熟、中早熟和晚熟男孩和女孩的超重和肥胖比例。拟议的研究结果将提供一个更好的理解之间的关系，在幼儿体重增加和线性增长模式的变化，以及线性增长模式和青春期的时间之间的关系。这些信息对于确保在临床实践中准确解释儿童生长模式以及提供对儿童线性生长和发育机制的重要见解至关重要。 公共卫生相关性：美国儿童肥胖症的流行可能会导致儿童线性生长和发育的正常模式的改变。评价体重增加和肥胖对儿童线性生长和发育影响的研究将对解释儿童生长模式的病因学以及过度肥胖驱动生长和发育的潜在机制具有实际意义。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Increases in weight gain among US children related to the childhood obesity epidemic may result in alteration of normal patterns of childhood linear growth and development. Few studies have evaluated the impact of weight gain on linear growth patterns or the relationship of linear growth with pubertal timing for a population- based sample of US children followed longitudinally. Using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, a comprehensive study which collected longitudinal growth and puberty measurements on a population-based cohort of children of diverse socioeconomic status from birth to age 15 years, this proposal provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the following specific aims: Aim 1: To evaluate the association of early childhood (ages 2 -7 years) BMI increases with height gain during early childhood (ages 2-7 years) and how this association varies by gender. Aim 2: To evaluate the association of early childhood (ages 2 -7 years) BMI increases with the timing and magnitude of the adolescent growth spurt (peak height velocity) and height gain during adolescence (ages 9 - 15 years) separately for boys and girls. Aim 3: To evaluate the relationship between timing of height takeoff and peak height velocity with puberty separately for boys and girls. Aim 4: To assess the % of children in the population classified as early, average, and late maturers, based on their individual height velocity curves, and to compare BMI z-scores, increases in BMI during early childhood, and proportion overweight and obese, between early, average, and late maturers for boys and for girls. Results of the proposed study will offer an improved understanding of the relationship between weight gain in early childhood and alterations in patterns of linear growth, as well as the relationship between linear growth patterns and pubertal timing. This information is critical for ensuring accurate interpretation of childhood growth patterns in clinical practice, as well as for offering important insights into mechanisms of childhood linear growth and development. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The epidemic of childhood obesity among US children may result in alterations of normal patterns of childhood linear growth and development. Studies to evaluate the impact of weight gain and obesity on childhood linear growth and development will have practical implications regarding interpretation of the etiology of children's growth patterns, as well as theoretic implications regarding the potential mechanism of excess adiposity in driving growth and development.