Rapid Pesticide Exposure Analysis Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

描述（由申请人提供）：化学品、生物材料和颗粒物不断释放到大气和供水系统中。重大溢油是显而易见的，并立即进行补救。目前尚不清楚的是，公众每天会被多少ppm以下的污染物淹没，以及这些低水平的污染物如何随着时间的推移影响社区健康。NIEHS旨在建立大规模的长期生物监测计划，以准确确定当前的污染问题，并开发模型来预测长期的健康影响。为了在这项工作中积累大量的数据，将开发可现场使用的设备，以快速提供所需的高精度信息。每次测量的数据收集必须非常便宜，否则仅因成本问题而失败。在这个项目中，我们正在开发一种廉价的表面增强拉曼光谱（Sers）阅读器，以监测气相和水相中的污染物。我们的初步示范是在收获季节和农场工人住宅的表面上，在农场工人周围的空气中的农药的检测，和农药代谢物的农场工人尿样。在第一阶段的计划中，我们成功地证明，农药在气相中可以检测到CDC的相关浓度，农药代谢物可以检测到合成和真实的尿液样本中的生物相关浓度。在第二阶段计划中，一个高分辨率的自动Sers阅读器将被带到农药分析领域。Sers蒸气光谱和尿液分析将在2011年和2012年收获季节收集。精确度、准确度和成本效益都将得到证明。第二阶段的结果将允许Sers读者过渡到其他农药分析程序，以及进展到其他生物监测程序的相关性NIEHS。 公共卫生相关性：该项目将使国家环境卫生和健康研究所和其他公共卫生监测机构能够确定低农药水平对整个人口的长期健康影响。开发的传感器将允许一个人暴露于外部农药浓度和实际摄入浓度之间的直接相关性，测量尿液中的代谢物。本文开发的传感器可用于所有农药/作物，并可进行修改以监测其他环境污染物。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chemicals, biological materials and particulates are continuously released into the atmosphere and water supply. Major spills are obvious and are immediately remediated. What is unknown is how many sub ppm contaminations the public is inundated with on a daily basis and how these low level contaminations affect community health over time. The NIEHS seeks to establish large scale long-term biomonitoring programs to accurately determine current contamination issues and develop models to predict long term health implications. To amass the enormous amount of data in this undertaking, fieldable devices will be developed to rapidly provide the desired information with high levels of precision. The data collection has to be very inexpensive per measurement or the undertaking will fail from cost issues alone. In this program, we are developing an inexpensive Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) reader to monitor contaminants in the vapor and aqueous phases. Our preliminary demonstration is for the detection of pesticides in the air surrounding farmworkers during harvesting seasons and on surfaces of farmworker dwellings, and of pesticide metabolites in farmworker urine samples. In the Phase I program, we successfully demonstrated that pesticides in the vapor phase could be detected at CDC relevant concentrations and that pesticide metabolites could be detected in synthetic and real urine samples at biologically relevant concentrations. In the Phase II program, a high resolution automated SERS reader will be taken into the field for pesticide analysis. SERS vapor spectra and urinalyses will be collected in the 2011 and 2012 harvesting seasons. Precision, accuracy and cost effectiveness will all be demonstrated. The Phase II results will allow the SERS reader to transition into other pesticide analysis programs as well as progress to other biomonitoring programs of relevance to the NIEHS. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will allow NIEHS and other monitoring agencies of public health to define long-term health effects of low pesticide levels on the population as a whole. The sensors developed will allow for a direct correlation between external pesticide concentrations a person is exposed to and the actual ingested concentration, measured as metabolites in urine. The sensor developed herein can be used for all pesticides/crops and can be modified to monitor other environmental contaminants as well.