FAMILIAL AND BIRTH COHORT EFFECTS ON THE AGING SENSES

描述(申请人提供)：这项流行病学研究的目的是确定在Beaver Dam后代研究(BOSS)队列中，听力、视力和嗅觉损伤和感觉衰退的10年发生率、发病率的代际差异，以及潜在危险因素与感觉和认知功能衰退的相关性。受试者是BOSS的参与者，在基线检查(2005-2008年)中年龄在21-84岁之间。拟议的检查将使用基线和5年随访检查中使用的标准化方案，并将包括听力评估(耳镜、测听、单词识别和双耳听力测试、失真产品耳声发射)、眼睛检查(屈光、视力测量、对比敏感度、调节、近视力、视网膜数字图像和黄斑的光谱域光学相干断层扫描)、嗅觉测试(圣地亚哥气味识别测试和嗅觉阈值测试)、血管测量(颈动脉超声测量内中膜厚度和血压)和认知功能测量(连线测试、听觉言语学习测试、语言流利性测试、数字符号替代测试、迷你精神状态检查)。将完成关于病史、生活方式因素和用药情况的标准化问卷。血红蛋白A1C将在检查中获得的血液样本上进行测量。炎性标志物将在5年和10年的随访样本中进行测量。将测量维生素D、B12、镉和铅的水平，以确定它们与感觉和认知变化的关系。在听力损失流行病学研究(AG11099)中看到的来自老板和父母队列中的成年人的存储样本，将使用384个SNP定制阵列进行基因分型，用于评估遗传风险分数与感觉和认知功能的相关性。这项针对中年人的研究将提供重要的新信息，即二战后出生的人与早期出生的人相比，感觉障碍的流行病学情况。这项研究将有助于开发针对中年的干预措施，以防止或推迟与年龄相关的感觉和认知功能变化的发生，并为规划满足婴儿潮一代老龄化的卫生保健需求提供必要的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this epidemiologic study is to determine the 10-year incidence of hearing, vision, and olfactory impairments and sensory declines, generational differences in incidence, and the associations of potential risk factors wit declines in sensory and cognitive function in the Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS) cohort. Subjects are participants in the BOSS and were 21-84 years of age at the baseline examination (2005-2008). The proposed examination will use standardized protocols used in the baseline and 5-year follow-up examination and will include a hearing evaluation (otoscopy, audiometry, word recognition and dichotic listening tests, distortion product otoacoustic emissions), eye examination (refraction, visual acuity measures, contrast sensitivity, accommodation, near vision, digital images of the retina and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula), olfaction testing (San Diego Odor Identification Test and olfactory threshold test), vascular measures (carotid ultrasound to measure the intima-medial thickness and blood pressure) and cognitive function measures (Trail Making Test, Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Digit Symbol Substitution, Mini-Mental State Exam). A standardized questionnaire about medical history, life-style factors and medication usage will be completed. Hemoglobin A1C will be measured on blood samples obtained at the examination. Inflammatory markers will be measured on samples from the 5-yr and 10-yr follow-up. Vitamin D, B12, cadmium and lead levels will be measured to determine their associations with sensory and cognitive changes. Stored samples from adults in the BOSS and the parent cohort seen in the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (AG11099), will be genotyped using a 384 SNP custom array for use in analyses evaluating associations of genetic risk scores with sensory and cognitive function. This study of middle-aged adults will provide important new information about the epidemiology of sensory impairments in the people born since World War II compared to people born in earlier periods. This study will contribute to developing interventions targeted at midlife to prevent or delay the onset of age-related changes in sensory and cognitive function and provide essential information for planning to meet the health care needs of the aging baby-boom generation.