The early inflammatory response to virulent and avirulent influenza viruses

先天免疫机制是宿主防御病原体的重要组成部分。在这个建议中，我的目的是调查的特定机制，在早期防御流感病毒感染和比较的能力，强毒和无毒病毒株（i）被识别的先天免疫系统的组成部分，（ii）引发感染的早期炎症反应。预期毒性病毒株已适应以避免被先天细胞如巨噬细胞识别。通过避免这种吸收和破坏途径，病毒可以自由地感染呼吸道的其他细胞并在其中复制。此外，通过逃避巨噬细胞进入，病毒避免触发这些细胞释放早期炎症介质，这可能影响随后炎症反应的速度和程度。这项研究将有助于更好地了解病毒感染后呼吸道炎症的启动和调节因素。此外，这些发现可能为流感和其他包膜病毒的毒力机制提供新的见解。

Innate immune mechanisms are vital components of host defences against pathogens. In this proposal I aim to investigate the particular mechanisms that operate in early defence against influenza virus infection and compare the ability of virulent and avirulent virus strains to (i) be recognized by components of the innate immune system, and (ii) to trigger an early inflammatory response to infection. It is anticipated that virulent virus strains have adapted to avoid recognition by innate cells such as macrophages. By avoiding this route of uptake and destruction, the virus is free to infect and replicate in other cells of the respiratory tract. Furthermore, by evading macrophage entry, the virus avoids triggering the release of early inflammatory mediators from these cells and this may affect both the speed and the magnitude of the subsequent inflammatory response. This study will contribute to a greater understanding of factors involved in initiating and regulating inflammation in the respiratory tract following viral infection. Furthermore, the findings may provide new insights into mechanisms of virulence of influenza and other enveloped viruses.