Dyanamic processes in visual word recognition

阅读是一种新的技能，大约在1万年前才获得。流利的阅读首先要求我们能够识别单个单词，这个问题一直是大量研究的主题，特别是在过去的45年里。一个广泛传播的假设是，负责识别单词的系统由一个稳定的处理架构组成。在我看来，对当前文献的考虑，沿着我实验室的工作，强烈表明这个基本假设是错误的。相反，系统是动态的，根据上下文重新配置自己。赠款的第一方提出了一些调查路线，把这个结论作为坚实的经验基础。赠款的第二部分解决了广泛传播的观点，即单词识别是“自动”的各种方式（既不需要意图，也不需要注意识别一个单词）。我的假设是，这种观点过于强烈，意图和注意力都可以在各种背景下强烈影响视觉单词识别。为调查这一说法，提出了几种不同的调查方法。

Reading is a recent skill, acquired only about 10,000 years ago. Fluent reading requires, as a first step, that we be able to identify individual words, and this issue has been the topic of considerable research, particularly over the last 45 years. A wide spread assumption is that the system responsible for identifying words consists of a stable processing architecture. In my view a consideration of the current literature, along with work from my lab strongly suggests that this fundamental assumption is false. Instead, the system is dynamic, reconfiguring itself in response to the context. The first party of the grant suggests a number of lines of investigation to put this conclusion on as firmer empirical footing.The second part of the grant addresses the wide spread view that word identifcation is "automatic" in various ways (needing neither intention nor attention to identify a word). My hypothesis is that this view is too strong, and that both intention and attention can be shown to strongly influence visual word recognition in a variety of contexts. Several different lines of investigation are proposed to investigate this claim.