Physics of materials under extreme conditions

在极端条件下（压力和温度）的材料物理学的拟议研究计划代表了目前的实验项目和新的研究计划的延续在物理学的固体密度（美国）。（渥太华）。除了现场设施外，该计划还将建立广泛的外部实验研究设施。它包括四个一般性研究方向：（1）研究（i）致密固体的结构稳定性，晶体结构和晶格动力学;（ii）温度/压力诱导的相变和潜在机制;（iii）新型高密度材料的物理特性。(2)将致密材料的测量物理性质与计算模拟性质进行比较，以完善实验和计算建模。(3)通过X射线散射，密集使用同步辐射探测致密材料。同步辐射研究工作将主要在加拿大光源（CLS）进行。事实上，通过拟议的项目，我们希望在CLS启动和开发一个强大的和结构化的极端条件下材料研究计划。(4)以互补的方式，开发新的实验方法，使用金刚石对顶砧探测极端条件下的凝聚态物质。拟议的研究计划的动机是三个主要的科学问题，如下所示，这些问题将通过上面列出的主轴来解决：研究致密的客体-主体材料，如（1）天然气水合物，因为它们具有高密度/容量气体储存的潜力，（2）它们的类似物IV族笼形物，研究这些笼形物系统中高密度下电子相互作用的变化，并探索高密度相产生的新性质的潜力;我们将与国内外合作者继续（3）探索分子和货车德瓦耳斯固体的致密形式，包括致密纯氧和贵元素/氧化合物。

The proposed research program in physics of materials under extreme conditions (pressure and temperature) represents a continuation of current experimental projects and new research initiatives at the Laboratoire de physique des solides denses (U. of Ottawa). In addition to on-site facilities, this program will make extensive of external experimental research facilities. It comprises four general research axes:(1) Study (i) the structural stability, the crystalline structures, and the lattice dynamics of dense solids; (ii) temperature/pressure-induced phase transitions and underlying mechanisms; (iii) the physical properties of novel high-density materials. (2) Compare the measured physical properties of dense materials with computationally simulated properties to refine both the experimental and computational modeling. (3) Make intensive use of synchrotron radiation to probe dense materials by X-ray scattering. Synchrotron radiation research work will be carried out mostly at the Canadian Light Source (CLS). In fact, with the proposed project, we want to initiate and develop at the CLS a strong and structured program of research on materials at extreme conditions. (4)  In a complementary manner, develop novel experimental approaches to probe condensed matter submitted to extreme conditions using diamond anvil cells.The proposed research program is motivated by three main scientific problems, given as follows, which will be addressed through main axes listed above: the study of dense guest-host materials like (1) gas hydrates, for their potential as high-density/capacity gas storage, (2) their analogues Group IV clathrates, to study changes in electronic interactions at high density in these clathrate systems and also explore the potential of novel properties arising in high-density phases; We will continue, with national and international collaborators, (3) the exploration of dense forms of molecular and van der Waals solids, including dense pure oxygen and noble element/oxygen compounds.