Novel Phases and Physical Properties of Classical and Quantum Materials at Extreme Conditions

拟议的研究和HQP培训计划在极端压力和温度条件下的经典和量子材料物理学代表了当前项目和新研究计划的延续。该计划包括四个主要的长期研究目标：（a）揭示在极端条件下可能呈现不寻常物理性质的经典和量子材料中的新的致密相，通过广泛使用金刚石压砧单元技术（B）实现，将材料的新致密相的实验测量的物理性质与计算模拟的性质进行比较，以改进实验结果和计算建模（（c）大量使用同步辐射探测致密材料（d）开发探测极端条件下凝聚态物质所需的创新实验方法、装置和纳米传感器。 作为下一个资助期内的短期目标，我们将（i）研究致密二维和准二维量子系统的物理性质，包括货车壁夹层材料，主要但不排他地侧重于在极端条件下探索BN和C基固体。在这种情况下，极端温度和压力的使用意味着通过调整固态中的原子相互作用来诱导光学/电子响应的变化，以用于电子学和传感中的潜在有用应用（ii）探索合成由氮与元素和其他简单分子混合形成的新型二元化合物的条件，使用压力以高密度诱导非常规结合（iii）开展二元化合物形成条件的系统研究，以及这些新型致密货车德瓦耳斯固体作为创新固态储能系统和具有不寻常化学计量比的新型氮化物相的物理性质和不寻常的物理性质（iv）寻求在极端条件下研究量子材料的新方法的发展。也就是说，THz时域光谱在高压下使用基于飞秒激光的辐射源（v）通过化学气相沉积生长具有受控杂质水平和晶体微结构的金刚石和类金刚石材料，以产生功能化掺杂金刚石纳米传感器和金刚石嵌入式微电路，这两者都是实现极端条件、探测高密度材料的电和磁特性以及开发精确计量的核心。 除了在我们的实验室和uOttawa的核心研究设施中使用仪器外，拟议的计划将在很大程度上利用国家和国际合作者的同步辐射设施。我们提出的计划和研究环境，旨在方便和包容，将为学生和博士后提供高度激励和全面的培训。

The proposed research and HQP training programs in physics of classical and quantum materials under extreme pressure and temperature conditions represent a continuation of current projects and new research initiatives. The program is comprised of four main long-term research goals: (a) unravel novel dense phases in classical and quantum materials which may present unusual physical properties at extreme conditions, achieved by the extensive use of diamond anvil cell techniques (b) compare the experimentally measured physical properties of novel dense phases of materials with computationally simulated properties to refine both the experimental results and computational modelling (c) make an intensive use of synchrotron radiation to probe dense materials (d) develop innovative experimental methods, devices, and nanosensors necessary to probe condensed matter submitted to extreme conditions. As short-term goals during the next granting period, we will (i) study the physical properties of dense 2D and quasi-2D quantum systems including van der Walls intercalated materials with the main, but not exclusive, focus on the exploration of BN and C based solids at extreme conditions. In this case, the use of extreme temperature and pressure is meant to induce changes of the optical/electronic response by tuning atomic interactions in the solid state for potentially useful applications in electronics and sensing (ii) pursue the exploration of conditions for the synthesis of novel binary compounds formed by nitrogen mixed with elements and other simple molecules, using pressure to induce unconventional bonding at high density (iii) carry out a systematic study of the conditions for binary compound formation and the physical properties of these novel dense van der Waals solids as innovative solid state energy storage systems and novel nitride phases with uncommon stoichiometry and unusual physical properties (iv) pursue the development of a new method for the study of quantum materials at extreme conditions. i.e., THz time-domain spectroscopy at high pressure using femtosecond laser-based radiation sources (v) grow diamond and diamond-like materials with controlled impurity level and crystalline microstructure by chemical vapour deposition to produce functionalized doped diamond nanosensors and diamond-embedded microcircuitry, both central to achieving extreme conditions, probing electrical and magnetic properties of high-density materials and developing accurate metrology. In addition to using instrumentation in our laboratory and core research facilities at uOttawa, the proposed program will largely take advantage of synchrotron radiation facilities with national and international collaborators. Our proposed program and research environment, designed to be accessible and inclusive, will provide a highly motivating and comprehensive training for students and postdoctoral fellows.