On some problems in supply chain management and dynamic pricing

本研究的目的是探讨供应链管理中的以下主题：(i)附加价格依赖的报贩模型。在之前的一个研究项目中，我们研究了乘法价格依赖的报贩模型。在这个模型中，我们分析了退货政策的有效性和延迟策略的效果。我的目标之一是在需求模型是相加的而不是相乘的情况下进行类似的分析。加性模型是文献中比较流行的模型，适用于需求方差独立于需求水平的情况。分散的装配系统。在之前的一个研究项目中，我们分析了分散组装（DA）系统。我们已经证明，在数据处理系统中存在两种低效率的来源：传统的和充分研究的垂直双重边缘化，以及水平双重边缘化（HDM），这基本上是以前没有研究过的。我们已经明确了HDM的驱动因素，并设计了消除HDM的协调方案。提出的研究目标之一是将分析扩展到零售价格是由装配商决定的决策变量的情况。竞争下的动态定价。在之前的一个研究项目中，我们将竞争纳入了固定库存和动态价格设定中。在我们的模型中，两个利润最大化的零售商在价格上竞争。消费者访问零售商是为了观察价格，如果价格低于他们的估价，他们就购买商品。否则，他们会在下一个时期访问其他零售商。我们已经证明，在竞争下，价格呈指数级下降，系统的利润损失相当大。拟议研究的目标之一是追求的情况下，消费者是战略性的。

The objective of the proposed research is to investigate the following topics in supply chain management: (i) Additive price-dependent newsvendor model. In a previous research project, we have studied the multiplicative price-dependent newsvendor model. We have analyzed, e.g., the effectiveness of returns policies and the effect of postponement strategies in this model. One of my objectives is to carry out a similar analysis when the demand model is additive rather than multiplicative. The additive model is quite popular in the literature, and is appropriate when the variance of demand is independent of demand level. (ii) Decentralized assembly systems. In a previous research project we have analyzed decentralized assembly (DA) systems. We have demonstrated that there exist two sources of inefficiencies in a DA system: the traditional and well-studied vertical double marginalization, and the horizontal double marginalization (HDM), which essentially was not studied before. We have clarified the drivers of HDM, and have designed coordination schemes to eliminate it. One of the objectives of the proposed research is to extend the analysis to the case when the retail price is a decision variable determined by the assembler. (iii) Dynamic pricing under competition. In a previous research project we have incorporated competition in a fixed inventory, dynamic price setting. In our model, two profit-maximizing retailers compete over prices. Consumers visit the retailers in order to observe prices, and purchase the good if the price is below their valuations. Otherwise, they visit the other retailer in the next period. We have demonstrated that under competition, prices decrease exponentially and the profit loss of the system is quite substantial. One of the objectives of the proposed research is to pursue the case when the consumers are strategic.