The effects of nicotine and tobacco on human reinforcement processes

吸烟者和非吸烟者在许多领域都有所不同，这些领域与他们对潜在吸烟者的感知和反应有关。虽然已知烟草烟雾中发现的某些成分会影响参与调节强化的大脑系统，但目前对这些行为导致吸烟者感知和响应吸烟者的方式发生变化的程度知之甚少。在拟议的研究中，将检查尼古丁、烟草烟雾的非尼古丁成分和烟草戒断对强化敏感性的各种指数的急性和长期影响。预计这项工作将有助于阐明吸烟者和非吸烟者之间各种差异的发病机制，并增强我们对基本人类强化过程的理解。

Smokers and non-smokers differ across a number of domains that are relevant to the ways they perceive and respond to potential reinforcers. Although certain ingredients found in tobacco smoke are known to affect brain systems that are involved in regulating reinforcement, little is currently known about the degree such actions lead to changes to the way smokers perceive and respond to reinforcers. In the proposed research will examine the acute and longer-term effects nicotine, the non-nicotinic constitutes of tobacco smoke and tobacco withdrawal on various indices of reinforcement sensitivity. It is expected that this work will help delineate the pathogenesis of the various differences between smokers and non-smokers as well as enhance our understanding of basic human reinforcement processes.