Genomic selection and association mapping of Atlantic salmon populations

水族馆现在生产加拿大人消费的所有大西洋鲑鱼，并大量出口。然而，疾病是影响该行业可持续性和盈利能力的主要制约因素。最主要的是海洋养殖牲畜的疾病。疾病通过库存损失对农场收入产生直接影响，并通过影响消费者需求产生间接影响。例如，一些消费者不愿意购买养殖鲑鱼，因为他们认为这将支持一个导致野生鲑鱼种群疾病和寄生虫的行业。幸运的是，通过使用一种称为基因组选择的动物育种新方法，可以大大提高功能性状（如抗病性）的遗传改良率。该技术使用数千个“SNP”遗传标记来确定抗病家族产生的后代中哪些遗传了抗病等位基因。圭尔夫大学对奶牛公牛的研究表明，这种技术增加了每一代每美元的选择反应，这些选择只能在潜在育种者的亲属中测量。我们建议测试基因组选择是否可以提高盐水中的生长速度，快速适应海水，抗病性和延迟性成熟相对于库克水族馆公司目前使用的传统育种计划。在新玩法。我们预计，我们将在三年内完成这一目标，使用DNA样本和估计育种值（EVB）存档了四年的时间从过去的亲鱼和他们的全同胞亲属，以及他们收获的后代在海水养殖笼的性能。然后，我们可以预测使用基因组选择所产生的经济上重要的性状的遗传变化，并将其与当前的选择程序进行比较。抗病性将通过在检疫实验室中对小鲑鱼进行挑战来确定，

Aquaculture now produces all the Atlantic salmon consumed by Canadians and a significant amount for export. However, disease is a major constraint affecting the sustainability and profitability of this industry. Foremost is disease in marine farmed stock. Disease has a direct impact on farm income through inventory losses and an indirect impact by influencing consumer demand. For example, some consumers are reluctant to buy farmed salmon because they believe they would be supporting an industry which is contributing to disease and parasitism in wild salmon stocks. Fortunately the rate of genetic improvement for functional traits such as disease resistance can be greatly improved by using a new method of animal breeding called genomic selection. This technique uses thousands of "SNP" genetic markers to determine which of the offspring produced by a disease-resistant family have inherited the disease-resistant alleles. Research using dairy bulls at the University of Guelph has shown that this technique increases the response to selection per generation per dollar spent for traits that can only be measured in the relatives of potential breeders. We are proposing to test whether genomic selection can improve growth rate in saltwater, rapid adaptation to seawater, disease resistance and delay sexual maturity relative to a conventional breeding program currently used at Cooke Aquaculture Inc. in New Brunswick. We anticipate that we accomplish this within a three year period using DNA samples and estimated breeding values (EVB) archived over a four year period from past broodstock and their full sib relatives, as well as the performance of their harvested offspring in seawater farm cages. We can then predict genetic changes in economically important traits that would accrue from the use of genomic selection, and compare this to current selection programs. Disease resistance will be determined by challenge of post smolts in the quarantine lab at