Effect of template ageing and sensor technologies in fingerprint recognition

背景：自二十世纪初以来，指纹识别已成为一种有效的个人识别方法，并在法医学中被常规使用。该技术允许基于指纹特征的个人身份识别和认证。这导致许多政府选择指纹作为现有身份识别方案的补充，即身份证和护照。由于指纹识别系统和传感器各不相同，通过不同系统采集的指纹具有不同的特征，可能不兼容。不同系统下指纹的兼容一直是政府指纹库和刑事指纹库面临的难题。随着指纹越来越普遍，其持久性的问题也随之而来。研究重点：一个普遍的问题是，目前还没有大规模的纵向研究来测试指纹在衰老、生长突增和老年时期是否不变。这是一个主要的问题，因为指纹永久被认为是理所当然的，没有任何研究来证实这种说法。没有研究表明，如果在使用中断期间不更新模板，早期注册的指纹图像在以后的年龄是否仍然具有可比性。如果没有找到持久性，这项研究将有助于制定新的重新注册政策，而不是牺牲系统的性能和吞吐量，通过给出给定年龄应该重新注册的时间表。目标：该研究将对指纹生物特征的持久性作为年龄、采集时间差异以及指纹捕获和匹配技术的函数进行系统测试。我们将利用大规模研究的数据作为基线，然后在3年的时间里每年从这一组中收集重复数据。这将允许对广泛的年龄谱进行比较，对衰老的影响给出更明确的结果。这也将允许对目标人群的个人层面的老龄化进行分析。这些知识将被转移到加拿大的工业，这将有利于加拿大的生物识别市场。

BACKGROUND: Fingerprint recognition has become accepted as a valid personal identification method and for routine use in forensics since the early twentieth century. The technology allows identification and authentication of individuals based on the characteristics of their fingerprints. This has led many governments to choose fingerprint as a supplement to existing identification schemes, namely ID cards and passports. Since fingerprint identification systems and sensors vary, a fingerprint acquired through each one of the systems has different characteristics, and may not be compatible with each other. Fingerprints compatibility in different systems is a tough problem for government and criminal fingerprint database. As fingerprints become more prevalent, the question of their permanence arises. RESEARCH FOCUS: One common issue is that no large-scale, longitudinal studies exist to test if fingerprints are constant over aging, growth spurts and in old age. This is a major concern as fingerprint permanence has been taken as a given without any research to substantiate the claims. No studies have been conducted to see if a fingerprint image enrolled at early age is still comparable at the later age without template updating during the use hiatus. If permanence is not found, this research will help develop new re-enrollment policies, as to not sacrifice the performance and throughput of the system, by giving timelines for which given ages should reenroll. GOAL: The study will conduct systematic testing of the permanence of fingerprint biometric features as a function of age, time difference between acquisitions, and fingerprint capture and match technology. We will leverage data from large-scale studies as a baseline and then collect recurring data from this group yearly over the course of 3 years. This will allow for a broad spectrum of ages to be compared, giving more definitive results on the impact of aging. This will also allow the analysis of aging at the individual level for the target populations. This knowledge will be transferred to the Canadian industry, which will then benefit the biometric market of Canada.