Nanostructured surfaces: growth processes and patterns, new electronic and optical materials

电子在固体中的量子理论最初是用具有完全三维对称性的高纯度单晶进行测试的。随后，贝尔实验室的Cho和Arthur开发了一种名为分子束外延的方法来生长多层材料。对这些二维系统中电子运动的研究导致了新物理学的发现，其中包括量子霍尔效应、分数量子霍尔效应和巨磁电阻。现在正在解决在原子和分子水平上控制材料结构的挑战性问题。新兴的纳米建筑学领域的主要目标是将单个原子和分子组装成具有定制的电子、光学和磁性的新型结构体系。在这项提案中，将开发新的方法来组装新的纳米结构表面，使用通常用于制造电子器件(Si和Ge)和有机发光器件(有机硼和卟啉)的材料。这些项目将使新一代科学家能够接受电子和光学材料生长方面的培训。我们将使用分子束外延和自组装方法在石墨烯晶体结构中生长Ge和Si的二维原子晶体。这些结构多晶型将具有新颖的电子性质。单分子发光光谱技术将成为制备发光效率高的发光薄膜的新方法。我的团队最近开发的利用强共价结合和空间位阻在硅表面组装分子晶格的新方法将被扩展，以创建新的结构有序的有机/无机界面。还将在模型系统中进行磁区增长的原子研究，以深入了解高质量电子材料的生长机制。这些研究将为如何使用原子和分子级结构控制来定制光学和电子材料属性提供基本的见解。

The quantum theory of electrons in solids was initially tested using high-purity single crystals that have full three-dimensional symmetry. Subsequently, Cho and Arthur of Bell Laboratories developed a method, called molecular beam epitaxy, for growing multilayer materials. The study of electron motion in these two-dimensional systems led to the discovery of new physics that included the quantum hall effect, the fractional quantum hall effect and giant magnetoresistance. The challenging problem of controlling the architecture of materials at the atomic and molecular level is now being addressed. The primary aim of the emerging field of nano-architectonics is to assemble individual atoms and molecules into novel structural architectures that have tailored electronic, optical and magnetic properties. In this proposal, new methodologies will be developed for assembling novel nano-structured surfaces using materials commonly used to make electronic devices (Si and Ge) and organic light emitting devices (organoborons and porphyrins). These projects will allow a new generation of scientists to be trained in electronic and optical material growth. We will use molecular beam epitaxy and self-assembly methods to grow two-dimensional atomic crystals of Ge and Si, in the graphene crystal structure. These structural polymorphs will have novel electronic properties. Single molecule luminescence spectroscopy will be used to develop robust new methods for fabricating luminescent thin films with high luminescent efficiency. New methodologies, recently developed in my group, for assembling molecular lattices on Si surfaces using strong covalent binding and steric hindrance will be extended to create new structurally ordered organic/inorganic interfaces. Atomistic studies of domain growth will also be performed in a model system to gain insight into the mechanisms by which high-quality electronic materials can be grown. These studies will provide fundamental insight into how optical and electronic material properties can be tailored using atomic and molecular-scale structural control.