Effect of tensile modulus of GFRP on shrinkage and temperature reinforcement requirements in liquid containing structures

纤维增强聚合物（FRP）是由纤维嵌入聚合物树脂制成的复合材料。它们被引入作为钢筋的替代品。由于FRP具有良好的耐腐蚀性和耐腐蚀性，可以防止电磁界面和钢筋腐蚀。在过去的十年中，纤维增强聚合物（FRP）作为混凝土结构的增强复合材料筋得到了广泛的应用。除了耐腐蚀之外，由于增强的性能、成本效益等，使用这种钢筋尤其是玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP）相对于常规钢筋还有许多优点。对于暴露于侵蚀性环境条件的结构，包括含液体结构（CLCS）和海洋结构，混凝土的碱度因其暴露于盐、水分、温度和氯化物而降低，导致钢筋腐蚀。的过程 腐蚀会导致混凝土劣化和缺乏使用性能。为了防止腐蚀和劣化，工程师们后来开始使用环氧涂层钢筋和GFRP。使用GFRP作为CLCS钢筋的替代品是一个相当新的课题。加拿大和美国的FRP加固结构设计标准（CSA S806-12和ACI 440.1R-06）都简要提到了控制温度和收缩钢筋的最小钢筋。在此提出了一项全面的研究来解决这个问题。本研究的目的是调查的参数，影响温度和收缩钢筋，特别是不同类型的GFRP的拉伸模量方面的效果。还建议为用GFRP筋加固的结构提供准则，以限制裂缝宽度， 可接受的水平。

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) are composite materials made of fibers embedded in a polymeric resin. They were introduced as an alternative replacement for steel reinforcement. Electromagnetic interface and steel corrosion could be prevented by FRP reinforcement due to their nonmagnetic and non-corrosive nature. There has been a widespread use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) as reinforcing composite bars for concrete structures over the past decade. Other than being corrosion resistant, there are many advantages of using such reinforcing bars especially glass FRPs (GFRPs) over the conventional reinforcement due to enhanced properties, cost-effectiveness, among many others. For structures exposed to aggressive environmental situations including liquid containing structures (CLCS) and marine structures, the alkalinity of concrete is reduced by its exposure to salts, moisture, temperature and chlorides leading to steel corrosion. The process of corrosion will lead to concrete deterioration and lack of serviceability. In order to prevent corrosion and deterioration, engineers started using epoxy-coated bars and GFRPs later on. Using GFRP as a replacement for steel reinforcement for CLCS is a fairly new topic. Both Canadian and American standards for design of FRP reinforced structures (CSA S806-12 and ACI 440.1R-06) briefly mention on the minimum reinforcement for controlling temperature and shrinkage reinforcement. A comprehensive study is proposed here to address this issue. This study is aimed to investigate the parameters that influence the temperature and shrinkage reinforcement and in particular the effect of different types of GFRPs in terms of tensile modulus. It is also proposed to provide guidelines for structures reinforced with GFRP bars to limit the crack width to an acceptable level.