Sensitivities of Fish Life Histories to Climate and Food Web Structure

淡水鱼的成熟时间表在生态和进化时间尺度上都有所不同。最近的工作表明，这种变化可以理解的最佳（即健身最大化）的反应（一）短期变化的大小结构和密度的猎物场，支持生命周期的增长模式和（ii）长期变化的气候条件和生命周期的死亡率时间表。本文提出的研究计划将建立在这项工作的基础上：（i）影响北美和欧洲湖泊鱼类群落大小结构的因素的实证比较，特别关注顶级捕食者之间的生活史变化的影响;（ii）扩展现有的生物能量权衡模型，该模型是顶级捕食者生活史中表型可塑性的基础;（ii）根据在休闲和商业渔业中观察到的几种淡水鱼类的生活史变化的经验数据测试这些模型;（iii）使用这些模型制定可靠的规则，以估计北美这些物种种群在广泛的气候梯度中的可持续开发率。

The maturation schedules of freshwater fish vary on both ecological and evolutionary time scales. Recent work has shown that this variation can be understood in terms of optimal (i.e. fitness maximizing ) responses to (i) short term changes in the size structure and density of the prey field that supports life time growth patterns and (ii) long term changes in climatic conditions and life time mortality schedules. The research program proposed here will build on this work by: (i) empirical comparisons of factors affecting the size structure of North American and European limnetic fish communities, with a particular focus on the influence of life history variation among top predators; (ii) extending existing models of the bioenergetic trade-offs that underlie phenotypic plasticity in the life history of top predators; (ii) testing these models against empirical data on life history variation observed in several freshwater fish species that are subject to both recreational and commercial fisheries; (iii) using these models to develop robust rules for estimating sustainable exploitation rates across the broad climatic gradients experienced by populations of these species in North America.