Building Integrated Renewable Heat from Biomass: Facility Management, Life Cycle Costing, and Environmental Impacts

可再生能源生产不仅在减少碳排放方面发挥关键作用，而且还减少了对化石燃料的依赖，使能源供应结构多样化，增强了国家和区域的能源安全和独立性。可再生能源还通过建立符合当地需求的分散式能源生产能力，成为社区发展的驱动力。这反过来又有助于提高能源供应基础设施的复原力，因为它提供了利用分布式能力的机会，并减少了集中式系统的负荷。从这个意义上说，增加可再生能源的份额是地球仪许多国家和区域能源指令的主要组成部分。然而，大多数此类支助方案侧重于使用可再生能源发电，而较少关注可再生能源产生的热量。根据国际能源署（IEA）的数据，供暖占全球最终能源使用量的一半左右，而电力和交通的比例分别为30%和20%。这清楚地突出了增加可再生能源在发热中所占份额的重要性和影响。在非住宅建筑的特殊情况下，根据IEA的数据，大约一半的能源消耗属于空间供暖和热水供应。 在加拿大，生物质锅炉的整合正在出现，以促进建筑规模向可再生热能的过渡。由于缺乏历史数据和有限的文献，我们提出了一个为期五年的研究计划，在建模和分析的资本，运营和维护的特点，生命周期成本和环境影响的建筑一体化生物质锅炉。在未来五年内，拟议的研究计划旨在（1）开发一个生命周期成本模型，用于计算非住宅建筑中生物质锅炉使用寿命内的资本、运营和维护成本;（2）构建一个生命周期评估框架，以分析生物质锅炉的环境后果，包括排放、污染和废物产生等供应链影响;以及（3）确定采用和推广生物质锅炉的最佳策略，包括生物质来源（供应商和燃料）、技术选择、操作和维护调度以及发电和存储容量的空间规划。 拟议的研究计划的主要目标是培养几个博士和硕士学生在建筑集成可再生供暖系统，将在可持续能源和基础设施系统工程（SEISE）实验室在康考迪亚大学的保护伞下工作。

Energy production from renewable sources not only plays a critical role in cutting carbon emissions, but also reduces dependency on fossil fuels and diversifies the energy supply mix, enhancing national and regional energy security and independence. Renewable energy also presents itself as a driver behind community development by creating decentralized energy production capacities that are in line with local needs. This in turn contributes to enhancing the resilience of energy supply infrastructure by providing access to distributed capacities and reducing the load on centralized systems. In this sense, increasing the share of renewable energy is a major component of many national and regional energy directives across the globe. However, most of such support programs focus on use of renewables for electricity generation and less attention on generation of heat from renewables. According to International Energy Agency (IEA), heating is associated with about half of the final energy use globally, compared to about 30% and 20% shares for electricity and transport. This clearly highlights the importance and impact of increasing the share of renewable energy sources for heat generation. In the particular case of non-domestic buildings, according to IEA, about half of the energy consumption belongs to space heating and hot water supply. In Canada, the integration of biomass boilers to promote a transition to renewable heat at the building scale is emerging. Given the lack of historical data and limited literature, we propose a five year research program in modelling and analysis of the capital, operational and maintenance characteristics, life-cycle costs, and environmental impacts of building-integrated biomass boilers. In the next five years, the proposed research program aims at (1) developing a life- cycle costing model accounting for capital, operational and maintenance costs over the service life of biomass boilers in non-domestic buildings; (2) constructing a life-cycle assessment framework to analyze the environmental consequences of biomass boilers including the supply chain impacts comprising emissions, pollutions, and waste generation; and (3) identifying the optimal strategies for adoption and diffusion of biomass boilers including the decisions on the sources of biomass (suppliers and fuels), technology choices, operation and maintenance scheduling, and the space planning for generation and storage capacities. The main objective of the proposed research program is to train several PhD and MSc students in Building-Integrated Renewable Heating Systems that will work under the umbrella of the Sustainable Energy and Infrastructure Systems Engineering (SEISE) laboratory at Concordia University.