Real-time simulation technologies for voltage-sourced converter HVDC and AC-DC supergrids

大规模可再生能源在电网中的集成是非常具有挑战性的，需要新的输电基础设施，如基于电压源换流器(VSC)的高压直流输电(HVDC)和交直流互联电网。电力系统实时数字仿真器是VSC、高压直流输电和交直流混合电网新技术开发中不可缺少的工具。Opal-RT Technologies是一家加拿大公司，专门使用先进的计算机硬件对大规模电网和电力电子换流器系统进行实时仿真，例如现成的多核CPU和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)。本研究工作的目的是为新兴的多电平高压直流换流站和交直流互联电网开发基于多核CPU和现场可编程门阵列的实时并行仿真技术。研究目标包括在Opal-RT的实时仿真环境eMEGAsim和硬件平台OP5600上开发交流臂变流器(AAC)高压直流输电系统的功率变换模型和控制，以及在ePHASORsim和eMEGAsim中实现交流电网机电暂态和高压直流电网电磁暂态的多域并行速率混合仿真，以实现高效、准确的交直流电网仿真。预计该项目的成果将极大地增强最先进的暂态仿真工具的能力，并将促进新的高压直流技术的分析和开发。该项目所做的研究工作将加强加拿大在电力系统实时暂态仿真方面的全球领先地位，并将为他们未来在电力系统和可再生能源行业的职业生涯培养训练有素的HQP，具有强大的理论背景和动手技能。

The integration of large-scale renewable energy sources in power system grid is very challenging and requires new power transmission infrastructure such as Voltage-Sourced-Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission and interconnected AC-DC grids. The real-time power system digital simulators are indispensable tools for the development of new VSC HVDC and AC-DC grid technologies. OPAL-RT Technologies is a Canadian company specializing in real-time simulation of large-scale power grids and power electronics converter systems using advanced computer hardware, e.g. off-the-shelf multicore CPU and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The aim of this research work is to develop multicore CPU and FPGA-based real-time parallel simulation technologies for the emerging multilevel HVDC converters and interconnected AC-DC grids. The objectives of the research include the development of power converter models and controls of Alternate Arm Converter (AAC) HVDC system in OPAL-RT's real-time simulation environment - eMEGAsim and hardware platform - OP5600 and the implementation of multi-domain parallel-rate hybrid simulation of AC-grid electromechanical transients and HVDC-grid electromagnetic transients in ePHASORsim and eMEGAsim for efficient and accurate simulations of AC-DC grids. It is expected that the results of this project will greatly enhance the capabilities of state-of-the-art transient simulation tools and will facilitate the analysis and development of the new HVDC technologies. The research efforts made in the project will strengthen Canada's global leadership role in power system real-time transient simulations and will result in well-trained HQP with strong theoretical background and hands-on skills for their future careers in power system and renewable energy industries.