Characterizing the Atomization of a Liquid Mass

加拿大对巴黎雅阁的承诺只能通过大幅减少石油和天然气以及运输部门的排放来实现。石油和天然气占加拿大温室气体排放总量的26%，运输占23%。在北美，汽油和柴油燃料的燃烧占所有交通能源的84%。因此，燃烧能量效率的任何改进，都可能对总排放产生很大影响。燃烧效率和排放与燃烧室内燃油的喷射和混合密切相关。由于汽油直喷（GDI）具有较高的燃油效率，越来越多的发动机采用它.此外，柴油和生物柴油燃料变得更受欢迎，这也是因为它们的燃料效率。因此，进一步提高燃料效率和减少排放需要更好地了解燃料喷射和雾化过程，并开发模型来预测这些过程。这种模型可以在喷雾燃烧代码中实现，以修改发动机设计，优化燃烧效率，并减少排放。

Canada’s commitment to Paris accord can only be realized with a significant reduction in emissions from oil and gas, and transportation sectors. Oil and gas accounts for 26% and transportation for 23% of Canada’s total GHG emissions. In North America, combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel make up for 84% of all transportation energy. Therefore, any improvement in combustion energy efficiency, can have a large impact on the total emission. Combustion efficiency and emission intimately relate to the fuel injection and mixing inside the combustion chamber. More and more engines utilize Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) because of its higher fuel efficiency. In addition, diesel and biodiesel fuels are become more popular, again because of their fuel efficiency. Therefore, further improvements in the fuel efficiency and emission reduction require a better understanding of the fuel injection and atomization processes and development of models to predict these processes. Such models can be implemented in spray combustion codes to modify engine designs, optimize the combustion efficiency, and reduce emissions.