Modelling the primary atomization and spray systems

雾化在许多工业过程以及农业、气象学和医学中都很重要。它通常是指由于液体（分散相）和周围介质（连续相）之间的相互作用，通过内部和/或外部力将散装液体分解成小滴或液滴的过程。当分裂力超过液体表面张力时，发生分裂或破裂。液体表面张力的固结效应倾向于将液体拉成表现出最小表面能的形式，而液体粘度的稳定效应倾向于对抗液体几何形状的任何变化。液体质量初始破碎成小液滴的过程通常被称为初级破碎或初级雾化。在初级雾化中产生的较大液滴的群体如果超过临界液滴尺寸则可能是不稳定的，并且因此可能经历进一步分裂成较小液滴。这个过程通常被称为二次破碎或二次雾化。

Atomization is of importance in many industrial processes as well as agriculture, meteorology, and medicine. It generally refers to a process in which a bulk liquid is disintegrated into small drops or droplets by internal and/or external forces as a result of the interaction between the liquid (dispersed phase) and surrounding medium (continuous phase). The disintegration or breakup occurs when the disruptive forces exceed the liquid surface tension force. The consolidating effect of liquid surface tension tends to pull a liquid into a form that exhibits the minimum surface energy, while the stabilizing effect of liquid viscosity tends to oppose any change in liquid geometry. The initial breakup process of a liquid mass into small droplets is often referred to as primary breakup or primary atomization. A population of larger droplets produced in the primary atomization may be unstable if they exceed a critical droplet size and thus may undergo further disruption into smaller droplets. This process is usually termed secondary breakup or secondary atomization.