Real-time simulation technologies for voltage-sourced converter HVDC and AC-DC supergrids

大规模可再生能源并网是一项非常具有挑战性的工作，需要新的输电基础设施，如基于电压源变换器（VSC）的高压直流（HVDC）输电和互联的交直流电网。实时电力系统数字模拟器是开发新型VSC高压直流电网和交直流电网技术不可缺少的工具。OPAL-RT Technologies是一家加拿大公司，专门从事大规模电网和电力电子转换器系统的实时仿真，使用先进的计算机硬件，例如现成的多核CPU和现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）。本研究的目的是开发基于多核CPU和fpga的实时并行仿真技术，用于新兴的多电平高压直流变流器和互联交直流电网。研究目标包括在OPAL-RT的实时仿真环境- eMEGAsim和硬件平台- OP5600中开发电源变换器模型和交替臂变换器（AAC） HVDC系统的控制，以及在ePHASORsim和eMEGAsim中实现交流电网机电瞬变和HVDC电网电磁瞬变的多域并行速率混合仿真，以实现高效和准确的交直流电网仿真。预计该项目的结果将大大提高最先进的暂态模拟工具的能力，并将促进新的HVDC技术的分析和开发。该项目的研究工作将加强加拿大在电力系统实时瞬态模拟方面的全球领导地位，并将为他们未来在电力系统和可再生能源行业的职业生涯培养出训练有素的具有强大理论背景和实践技能的HQP。

The integration of large-scale renewable energy sources in power system grid is very challenging and requires new power transmission infrastructure such as Voltage-Sourced-Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission and interconnected AC-DC grids. The real-time power system digital simulators are indispensable tools for the development of new VSC HVDC and AC-DC grid technologies. OPAL-RT Technologies is a Canadian company specializing in real-time simulation of large-scale power grids and power electronics converter systems using advanced computer hardware, e.g. off-the-shelf multicore CPU and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The aim of this research work is to develop multicore CPU and FPGA-based real-time parallel simulation technologies for the emerging multilevel HVDC converters and interconnected AC-DC grids. The objectives of the research include the development of power converter models and controls of Alternate Arm Converter (AAC) HVDC system in OPAL-RT's real-time simulation environment - eMEGAsim and hardware platform - OP5600 and the implementation of multi-domain parallel-rate hybrid simulation of AC-grid electromechanical transients and HVDC-grid electromagnetic transients in ePHASORsim and eMEGAsim for efficient and accurate simulations of AC-DC grids. It is expected that the results of this project will greatly enhance the capabilities of state-of-the-art transient simulation tools and will facilitate the analysis and development of the new HVDC technologies. The research efforts made in the project will strengthen Canada's global leadership role in power system real-time transient simulations and will result in well-trained HQP with strong theoretical background and hands-on skills for their future careers in power system and renewable energy industries.