Supply Chain Optimization under Uncertainty

供应链是由实体组成的网络，其中包括原材料供应商、将材料转化为产品的生产制造单位、储存仓库以及涵盖从供应商到零售商和客户的产品流动的配送中心。现代行业努力拥有最优化的供应链，因为这通常会为公司带来更好的业绩。供应链优化是指对战略设计、战术规划和运作执行三类活动进行优化，这三类活动具有管理水平、时间跨度和决策环境的不确定性。战略设计决策建立和修改企业可用的资源，如制造工厂、物流网络和仓库。战术计划决策意味着为计划的生产、维护、运输、劳动力、销售和库存水平制定时间表，使高质量的生产和销售达到最佳匹配。业务控制涉及组织所有部门详细执行短期计划，以实现计划所确定的利润和业绩目标。在每个级别上，都存在许多类型的不确定性，这些不确定性给优化带来了巨大的挑战。这些不确定性包括机器故障、事故、袭击以及需求、原材料、成本和价格的波动。我们的研究计划是旨在开发有效的决策支持工具的持续努力的一部分，以解决在供应链的战略设计、战术规划和运营执行中遇到的重要优化问题。拟议的研究计划将集中在以下项目上：在战略层面-用于大批量生产的故障多发制造网络的设计。-在随机供需情况下设计稳健的分销网络。-维修物流网络的设计。在战术层面上的设计-维修物流网络的战术规划。-生产、维护和质量的综合规划。在操作层面-在需求、供应量、原材料成本、机器故障和价格波动不确定的情况下进行无功计划。将努力确保研究计划成果转化为产业。考虑到供应链的社会经济重要性，以及在处理不确定性时遇到的具有挑战性的科学和实际问题，这一新研究计划的影响可能被证明是极其重大的。

Supply chains are networks of entities that include suppliers of raw material, production manufacturing units who convert the material into products, warehouses that store, and distribution centres that cover the flows of products from suppliers to retailers and customers. Modern industries strive to have the most optimized supply chain because it usually translates to a better performance for the company. Supply chain optimization implies optimization of three types of activities: strategic design, tactical planning and operational execution, which are distinguished by managerial level, time horizon and uncertainty in the decision environment. Strategic design decisions establish and modify the resources available to the enterprise, such as manufacturing plants, logistics networks and warehouses. Tactical planning decisions imply developing timetables for planned production, maintenance, transportation, workforce, sales and the inventory levels that will optimally match high-quality production to sales. Operational control involves the detailed execution of short-term schedules by all parts of the organization, in such a way as to achieve the profit and performance goals established by the plans. At each level, there are many kinds of uncertainties that create significant challenges for optimization. These uncertainties include machine failures, accidents, attacks, and fluctuations of demands, raw materials, costs and prices. Our research program is part of a continuing effort aimed at developing effective decision-support tools to tackle important optimization problems encountered at the strategic design, tactical planning and operational execution of supply chains. The proposed research program will focus on the following projects: At the strategic level - Design of failure-prone manufacturing networks used in high-volume production. - Design of robust distribution networks under random supply and demand. - Design of maintenance logistics networks.  At the tactical level - Tactical planning in maintenance logistics networks. - Integrated planning of production, maintenance and quality. At the operational level - Reactive planning under uncertainties in demand, supply quantities, raw material costs, machine failures, and price fluctuations. Efforts will be made to ensure the transfer of the research program results to industry. Considering the socio-economic importance of supply chains and the challenging scientific and practical problems encountered when dealing with uncertainties, the impact of this new research program could prove to be extremely significant.