REU: Ribosomal RNA Sequences in Marine Yeasts: A Model for Identification and Quantification of Marine Eukaryotes

REU：海洋酵母中的核糖体 RNA 序列：海洋真核生物识别和定量的模型

• 批准号: 8912312
• 负责人: Jack Fell
• 金额: $ 22.9万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-11-15 至 1992-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8912312&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REU; Ribosomal; RNA; Sequences; Marine

The ability to distinguish species of marine microorganisms (bacteria protozoans, fungi and microalgae) is a major problem in understanding the processes of primary production and organic recycling. Developments in molecular biology are providing an array of tools to genetically characterize and quantify marine microbes. The first step in applying these techniques to problems in biological oceanography is to develop species- specific genetic markers. There has been extensive study on the 5S, small (SSU) and large (LSU) subunits of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Studies of conserved regions of rRNA, which evolve slowly, have been instrumental in developing phylogenetic lines of evolution. In addition to conserved regions, there are variable regions in LSU that evolve rapidly. Initial investigations, in Dr. Fell's laboratory and elsewhere, suggest that nucleotide sequences in the variable regions are sufficiently conserved to distinguish organisms at the level of species and genus. This research will amplify preliminary studies of the variable regions of LSU rRNA using marine yeasts as a model for other marine eukaryotes. The yeasts are uniquely appropriate as they can be grown in culture and their nucleotide sequences can be compared with known mating genetic markers. Nucleotide sequencing will use the established techniques of Sanger and Lane. Recognition of nucleotide sequences that are species specific, in combination with techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction and the use of molecular probes and hybridizations, provide powerful tools for the amplification of nucleic acids and the identification and quantification of marine microorganisms from single cell material.

区分海洋微生物种类的能力 （细菌原生动物，真菌和微藻）是一个主要问题， 了解初级生产过程和有机 回收利用。 分子生物学的发展提供了 一系列工具，从遗传学上描述和量化海洋生物 微生物 将这些技术应用于 生物海洋学中的一个问题是发展物种- 特定的遗传标记。 已经对5S、小（SSU）和 核糖体RNA（rRNA）的大（LSU）亚基。 研究 rRNA的保守区域进化缓慢， 有助于发展进化的系统发育线。 在 除了保守区外，LSU中还存在可变区， 快速进化的。 最初的调查，在费尔博士的 实验室和其他地方，表明， 可变区足够保守以区分 在物种和属的水平上。 这项研究将扩大初步研究的 LSU rRNA的可变区，使用海洋酵母作为模型， 其他海洋真核生物 酵母是唯一合适的， 它们可以在培养物中生长，并且它们的核苷酸序列可以 与已知的交配遗传标记进行比较。 核苷酸 测序将使用桑格和 巷 识别属于物种的核苷酸序列 具体地，与诸如聚合酶的技术相结合， 链式反应和分子探针的使用， 杂交，提供了强大的工具，扩增 核酸和海洋生物的鉴定和定量 微生物从单细胞材料。