Dissertation Research: Prehistoric Settlement, Subsistence, and Seasonality in the Pine Creek Basin, Southern Columbia Plataeu

论文研究：南哥伦比亚高原松溪盆地的史前聚落、生存和季节性

• 批准号: 9106663
• 负责人: C. Melvin Aikens
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 1993-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9106663&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Prehistoric; Settlement; Subsistence

Under the direction of Dr. C. Melvin Aikens, Ms Pamela Endzweig, a graduate student in Anthropology at the University of Oregon, will collect information for her doctoral dissertation. Focussing on the John Day River and tributary Pine Creek, located in the Plateau region of Oregon, Ms Endzweig will both conduct a survey and analyze data already collected. In the course of a multiyear field project, the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry has located and excavated a number of archeological sites which span a period of over two thousand years and thus document a significant portion of the region's prehistory. However, much of the rich cultural material recovered has not been properly analyzed and, in addition to her own survey, MS Endzweig will coordinate the analyses of these remains. Abundant faunal and floral material will be studied. Together they will give insight into the prehistoric ecology of the region and provide information on how its use by Native American peoples changed over time. These data should also give an indication of the seasons during which individual sites were occupied. Chemical composition of chert tools will also be determined. This will permit - hopefully - artifacts to be matched to geological source and thus provide insight into larger trade networks. Although considerable archaeological research has been conducted in the Plateau region, much has been associated with cultural resource management work and therefore is concentrated primarily in the base of large river valleys. The result is an extremely incomplete and skewed picture of the prehistoric way of life. While some archaeologists have argued that the observed historic pattern in which population did concentrate in river valleys can be projected back into the distant past, others disagree and point to emerging data of the type which Ms Endzweig is collecting. Her present research should shed important light on this issue. This project is important for several reasons. It will increase our understanding of how humans operating at a simple level of technology adapted to a difficult and fluctuating environment. It will provide data of interest to a large number of archaeologists and finally assist in the training of a promising young scientist.

在C.Melvin Aikens博士的指导下，俄勒冈大学人类学研究生Pamela Endzweig女士将为她的博士论文收集信息。Endzweig女士将重点关注位于俄勒冈州高原地区的John Day河和Pine Creek支流，她将进行调查并分析已经收集的数据。在一个多年的实地考察项目中，俄勒冈州科学与工业博物馆定位并挖掘了一些考古遗址，这些遗址跨越了两千多年的时间，从而记录了该地区很大一部分史前历史。然而，许多被找回的丰富文化材料还没有得到适当的分析，除了她自己的调查外，恩茨韦格女士还将协调对这些遗骸的分析。将对丰富的动植物材料进行研究。他们将一起洞察该地区的史前生态，并提供有关美洲原住民如何随着时间的推移而改变其使用情况的信息。这些数据还应显示个别地点被占用的季节。此外，还将确定硅质岩工具的化学成分。这将允许--希望--人工制品与地质来源相匹配，从而提供对更大贸易网络的洞察。虽然在高原地区进行了大量的考古研究，但许多与文化资源管理工作有关，因此主要集中在大流域的底部。其结果是史前生活方式的极其不完整和扭曲的图景。虽然一些考古学家认为，观察到的人口确实集中在河谷的历史模式可以追溯到遥远的过去，但其他人不同意这种说法，并指出恩茨韦格正在收集的这类新兴数据。她目前的研究应该会在这个问题上提供重要的启示。这个项目之所以重要，有几个原因。它将增加我们对人类如何在简单的技术水平上操作以适应困难和波动的环境的理解。它将提供大量考古学家感兴趣的数据，并最终帮助培训一位有前途的年轻科学家。