Physiological Basis of Metabolism and Activity: The Thermal Dependence of Muscle Function

代谢和活动的生理基础：肌肉功能的热依赖性

• 批准号: 9118346
• 负责人: Albert Bennett
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-02-01 至 1996-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9118346&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physiological; Basis; Metabolism; Activity; Thermal

Temperature is an important environmental variable that directly influences all levels of biological function. In spite of years of study, our knowledge of how temperature affects organisms is still sketchy, especially in terms of maximal behavioral capacities. This study will be the first comprehensive examination of how body temperature influences burst escape and feeding capacities in fish. These are probably important behaviors ensuring successful survival, growth, and reproduction in natural populations, but we do not understand how rapid changes in temperature may affect these capacities. Further, it will be the first study to examine the plasticity of the of these behaviors during long term temperature exposure (acclimation). The study will also begin to examine how genetic structure (ploidy level) may influence acclimation ability, as previously hypothesized by other workers. This study will also examine evolutionary responses to different temperatures in a group of fish, some taxa of which have very narrow and others very broad thermal environments. These types of information, that is, understanding of how animals respond to acute and long term temperature exposure, in both organismal and evolutionary time frames, is important to both fisheries management (e.g., likely effects of water temperature on stock performance in nature and the ability of those stocks to adjust performance over longer term temperature exposure) and to our understanding of how fish populations may adjust to range extension or climate change.

温度是一个重要的环境变量，直接影响到各个层面的生物功能。尽管经过多年的研究，我们对温度如何影响生物体的认识仍然很粗略，特别是在最大行为能力方面。这项研究将是首次全面研究体温如何影响鱼类的爆发逃逸和摄食能力。这些可能是确保自然种群成功生存、生长和繁殖的重要行为，但我们不了解温度的快速变化如何影响这些能力。此外，这将是第一个研究这些行为在长期温度暴露（驯化）中的可塑性的研究。该研究还将开始检查遗传结构（倍性水平）如何影响适应能力，正如其他工作者先前假设的那样。这项研究还将研究一组鱼类对不同温度的进化反应，其中一些分类群的热环境非常狭窄，而另一些分类群的热环境非常广阔。这些类型的信息，即了解动物在有机体和进化时间框架内对急性和长期温度暴露的反应，对渔业管理(例如，水温对自然界鱼类表现的可能影响，以及这些鱼类在长期温度暴露下调整表现的能力，以及我们对鱼类种群如何适应范围扩大或气候变化的理解。