Fine-scale Adaptation to Temperature: A Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Analysis Using Congeneric Species

对温度的精细适应：利用同属物种进行生理、生化和分子分析

• 批准号: 9206660
• 负责人: George Somero
• 金额: $ 60.58万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9206660&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fine; scale; Adaptation; Temperature; Physiological

Congeneric marine fishes and invertebrates with different latitudinal or depth distribution patterns, i.e., different absolute temperatures and thermal ranges, will be studied to determine: (1) the importance of fine-scale adaptations to temperature in kinetic properties and structural stabilities of enzymes; (2) the amino acid sequence changes that underlie these adaptive differences in kinetic and stability characteristics; (3) the roles played by multi-locus and allelic enzyme variants in adaptation to temperature over evolutionary and seasonal time course; (4) the effects of evolutionary adaptation and seasonal acclimatization on mitochondrial respiration and membrane fluidity; and (5) the kinetics of acclimatory change in protein isoforms and mitochondrial respiration and fluidity. These studies are designed to fill in important gaps in our understanding of the thermal biology of animals, specifically the role played by fine-scale adaptation to temperature in establishing organismal distribution patterns, the precise changes in protein primary structure that establish adaptive differences in enzymes(M4 - lactate dehydrogenase and cytosolic malate dehydrogenase), the minimal amounts of change in temperature required to favor selection for new protein variants or mitochondrial properties, and the rate with which acclimation occurs. Comparisons of eurythermal and stenothermal congeners will reveal underlying biochemical and molecular differences that help to establish species' thermal tolerance ranges. Study of fine-scale adaptations to temperature will provide a firmer basis for predicting the effects of global warming on the distributions and functions of economics animals.

将研究具有不同纬度或深度分布模式（即不同的绝对温度和热范围）的同类海洋鱼类和无脊椎动物，以确定：（1）精细尺度适应温度对酶的动力学性质和结构稳定性的重要性； (2) 造成这些动力学和稳定性特征适应性差异的氨基酸序列变化； (3) 多位点和等位基因酶变体在进化和季节过程中适应温度中所发挥的作用； （4）进化适应和季节适应对线粒体呼吸和膜流动性的影响； (5) 蛋白质异构体和线粒体呼吸和流动性的适应变化动力学。这些研究旨在填补我们对动物热生物学理解的重要空白，特别是对温度的精细适应在建立生物体分布模式中所发挥的作用、建立酶（M4 - 乳酸脱氢酶和胞质苹果酸脱氢酶）适应性差异的蛋白质一级结构的精确变化、有利于选择新蛋白质变体或 线粒体特性以及适应发生的速率。广温和窄温同系物的比较将揭示潜在的生化和分子差异，有助于确定物种的耐热范围。对温度的精细适应的研究将为预测全球变暖对经济动物的分布和功能的影响提供更坚实的基础。