SGER: Collaborative Research: Hurricane Andrew Effects on Forest Composition in the Everglades

SGER：合作研究：安德鲁飓风对大沼泽地森林组成的影响

• 批准号: 9306317
• 负责人: Thomas Smith
• 金额: $ 1.5万
• 依托单位: Florida Department of Environmental Protection
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-03-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9306317&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Collaborative; Research; Hurricane; Andrew

When Hurricane Andrew slammed into Everglades National Park with wind gusts over 170 mph, it decimated the local forests while leaving areas of open wetlands largely unharmed. Trees were stripped of all their leaves, most branches were broken off, and many trees were toppled or shattered. Only a few trees remained standing in some mangrove forests. Evergreen woodlands were transformed from lush forests to brown tangles of leafless debris. Bald cypress and slash pine forest were also heavily damaged. Although Andrew was a natural disaster of enormous scale, hurricanes in the region have been frequent in the past and must have been an important force shaping these forests. As the first major hurricane to directly strike the Park in over 25 years, Hurricane Andrew presents a rare opportunity to investigate the sensitivity of different forests types to hurricane damage and to observe the speed and patterns of forest recovery. This information is important because forests make up critical fish and wildlife habitats and recreational areas with the Everglades, even though the Everglades are commonly thought of as open wetlands. Both the degree of damage and the speed with which trees can regrow will determine which species make up a post-hurricane forest. The native tree species within the Park appear to differ greatly in their abilities both to withstand hurricane-force winds and to regrow after hurricane damage. The recovering forest should be composed of those tree species that were damaged the least, those that can resprout the fastest, as well as those that can invade open areas. Research will focus on the extent of damage to the tree species within mangrove, tropical hardwood, pine, and cypress forests in Everglades National Park. Data will also be taken on which species recover from damage, how fast they recover, and which species colonize open areas in the forests left by the hurricane. This information will help to predict what the recovered forests should look like as well as understand how hurricanes have affected these forests in the past.//

安德鲁飓风袭击大沼泽地国家公园时 风速超过每小时170英里，摧毁了当地的森林， 使开放的湿地基本上没有受到伤害。 树木被 他们的叶子都被剥光了，大部分树枝都被折断了， 许多树木被推倒或折断。 只剩下几棵树了 站在红树林里。 万年青林地 从茂密的森林变成了一片光秃秃的褐色残骸 秃杉和湿地松林也受到严重破坏。 虽然安德鲁是一场规模巨大的自然灾害， 该地区的飓风过去经常发生， 是塑造这些森林的重要力量 作为第一 25年来最大的飓风直接袭击公园， 安德鲁飓风提供了一个难得的机会来调查 不同森林类型对飓风破坏和 观察森林恢复的速度和模式。 这 信息很重要，因为森林是重要的鱼类， 野生动物栖息地和娱乐区与大沼泽地，甚至 尽管大沼泽地通常被认为是开放的湿地。 无论是破坏的程度还是树木 再生将决定哪些物种构成飓风后的物种 森林 公园内的原生树种似乎有所不同 在抵御飓风的能力上有很大的提升 以及飓风破坏后的再生。 恢复的森林应该 由那些受损最少的树种组成， 那些能够最快恢复的人，以及那些能够 入侵开阔地带 研究将集中在损害的程度， 红树林、热带硬木、松树和 大沼泽地国家公园的柏树林。 数据也将 哪些物种能从破坏中恢复，它们恢复的速度有多快， 以及哪些物种在森林中的开阔地带定居， 飓风 这些信息将有助于预测 恢复的森林应该是什么样子， 飓风过去曾影响过这些森林。