Dissertation Research: Pre-hispanic Argentinian Settlement Patterns

论文研究：前西班牙裔阿根廷人的聚落模式

• 批准号: 9312006
• 负责人: Timothy Earle
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-08-15 至 1994-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9312006&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Pre; hispanic; Argentinian

9312006 Earle Under the direction of Dr. Timothy Earle, Ms. Elizabeth DeMarrias will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will conduct archaeological research in the Calchaqui valley which lies on the eastern slopes of the Andes in northwest Argentina. This location was selected for several reasons. First Ms. DeMarrias can coordinate her work with other U.S. researchers who are currently present in the area. Of greater importance however is that fact that this well defined geographical entity contains an archaeological sequence which begins approximately 6,000 years ago and extends up through late Inka times to the appearance of the Spanish. The region documents therefore the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture and the change from small mobile human grouping to larger more highly organized entities which were incorporated into a state society. Ms. DeMarrias is interested in the latter portion of the sequence and wants to determine how social stratification and centralization of political power took place. To do this, she will survey broadly within the region. Following an initial reconnaissance, she and her colleagues will note all sites which fall within selected sample areas. Surface materials such as pottery and stone tools will be collected and architectural and agricultural features such as irrigation canals mapped. With these data Ms. DeMarrais will be able to reconstruct changing group size and organization over time. While archaeologists recognize that the general picture observed in the Calchaqui is repeated in many parts of the world and that with the adoption of agriculture groups become sedentary and increase in size and organizational complexity, the mechanisms by which these changes take place are not well understood. In particular it is not clear how authority becomes concentrated in the hands of limited numbers of individuals. By examining the development of centralization such as public works and by focussing on evidence of inequality as reflected in differential distribution of metals and other valuable goods, Ms. DeMarrais hopes to gain insight into this process. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to many archaeologists. It will shed new light on the process which leads to social complexity and finally it will assist in the training of a promising young scientist. ***

小行星9312006 在Timothy Earle博士的指导下，Elizabeth Deboras女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将在阿根廷西北部安第斯山脉东坡的卡尔查基山谷进行考古研究。选择这个位置有几个原因。首先，德雷纳斯女士可以与目前在该地区的其他美国研究人员协调她的工作。然而，更重要的是，这一明确界定的地理实体包含了一个考古序列，该序列始于大约6,000年前，一直延伸到印加时代晚期，直到西班牙人的出现。因此，该地区记录了从狩猎和采集到农业的转变，以及从小的移动的人群到更大的、更高度组织化的实体的转变，这些实体被纳入了一个国家社会。德塞瓦斯女士对序列的后一部分感兴趣，并想确定社会分层和政治权力集中是如何发生的。为此，她将在该地区进行广泛调查。 在初步勘察之后，她和她的同事们将注意到所有属于选定样本地区的地点。将收集陶器和石器等表面材料，并绘制灌溉渠等建筑和农业特征。有了这些数据，DeMarrais女士将能够重建随着时间的推移不断变化的群体规模和组织。 虽然考古学家认识到，在卡尔查基观察到的一般情况在世界许多地方都有重复，而且随着农业的采用，群体变得定居，规模和组织复杂性增加，但这些变化发生的机制并不清楚。特别是，不清楚权力是如何集中在有限数量的个人手中的。德马雷斯女士希望通过研究公共工程等集中化的发展，并重点关注金属和其他有价值商品的差异分配所反映的不平等证据，深入了解这一过程。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据。它将为导致社会复杂性的过程提供新的线索，最终将有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。 ***