RUI: Studies in Social Trust

9312426厄尔社会科学关于风险的研究为影响风险感知和沟通的因素提供了有价值的信息。这个项目由一系列研究组成，旨在加深我们对影响社会信任发展和有效风险沟通的因素的理解。这项研究将风险沟通归类为两种思维模式，即典型性(逻辑-科学)和叙述性(有价值的故事)。一些技术专家的论述使用了前者。叙事思维是一般公共话语的特征。这些不同的话语风格影响着社会信任和风险沟通。影响社会信任和风险沟通的另一个因素是信息中所表达的一套文化价值观。个人与制度的价值相似导致社会信任和成功的风险沟通。交流表达了文化价值；那些拥有相似的话语风格和价值观以及相容的叙述的人会产生同样的积极结果。这个项目的主要目标是检验这一假设。第一阶段将制定量表，在风险管理问题的背景下识别和区分个人喜欢的社会关系形式。第二阶段包括两项研究。第一个将使用档案数据来确定风险沟通话语被组织成叙事、范例或混合形式的程度，并将这种形式与个人的某些特征联系起来，例如机构从属关系。第二部分探讨了话语形式与社会文化偏好之间的关系。参与风险争议和风险管理的不同群体的受试者将针对不同的案例构建个人和共识的解释。研究结果将有助于检验话语障碍是风险沟通的关键障碍这一假说，并为风险沟通的改进提供指导。最后阶段还涉及两项研究。一个测试是测试对社会关系有不同偏好的个体对以范例为导向的信息有什么意义。一个测试是测试使用复合叙事形式是否是弥合这些不同偏好的个人之间沟通差距的有效方式。该项目通过深入了解人们对风险管理问题的看法，将为改进风险沟通方案和解决政策纠纷提供指导。***

9312426 Earle Social science research about risk has provided valuable information on the factors which influence risk perception and communication. This project consists of a set of studies designed to further our understanding of factors that influence the development of social trust and effective risk communication. The research proceeds by categorizing risk communications under two modes of thought, paradigmatic (logical-scientific) and narrative (value-bearing stories.) The discourse of some technical experts uses the former. Narrative thought is characteristic of general public discourse. These different discourse styles influence social trust and risk communication. Another factor that affects social trust and risk communication is the set of cultural values expressed in a message. Value similarity between individual and institution leads to social trust and successful risk communication. Communications express cultural values; those with similar discourse styles and values and compatible narratives lead to the same positive results. The main objective of this project is to test this hypothesis. Stage one will develop scales that will identify and differentiate the forms of social relations individuals favor in the context of a risk management problem. Stage two consists of two studies. The first will use archival data to determine the extent to which risk communication discourse is organized into narrative, paradigmatic or mixed forms, and to associate the form with certain characteristics of individuals such as institutional affiliation. The second explores associations between forms of discourse and social and cultural preferences. Subjects from various groups involved in risk controversies and risk management will construct individual and consensus explanations for a variety of cases. Results will help to test the hypothesis that discourse barriers are the key barriers to risk communication as well as guides to its improvement. The final phase involves two studies also. One tests what meanings individuals with different preferences about social relations construct for paradigmatically oriented messages. One tests whether using compound narrative forms is an efficacious way to bridge communication gaps between individuals with these different preferences. This project, by generating insight into the ways people think about risk management issues, will provide guidance for the improvement of risk communication programs and for the resolution of policy disputes. ***