Interactions, Dynamics, and Phase Transitions of Colloidal Suspensions

胶体悬浮液的相互作用、动力学和相变

• 批准号: 9320378
• 负责人: David Grier
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-07-15 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9320378&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Interactions; Dynamics; Phase; Transitions; Colloidal

9320378 Grier Technical abstract: The experimental program addresses the physics of colloidal suspensions through a combination of digital video microscopy, optical trapping, and laser light scattering. Systems to be investigated include highly charged polystyrene microspheres and superparamagnetic ferrofluid emulsion droplets. Areas of particular interest include: (1) precision measurements of the interparticle potential; (2) analysis of structural and dynamical processes responsible for phase transitions in supercooled monodisperse colloidal suspensions; (3) analysis of phase transitions in bidisperse colloidal suspensions focusing on metastability of disordered solids; (4) effects of phase behavior of modulated substrate potentials simulated by optical interference patterns; (5) microscopic kinetics of phase transitions in quenced single-layer ferrofluid emulsions. Non-technical abstract: The experimental program examines colloidal suspensions on three levels: (1) as distinct states of matter; (2) as easily studied analogs for conventional materials and (3) for their self-ordering properties which hold promise for nanofabrication, nonlinear optics, and other advanced applications. Anticipated practical benefits include (1) a method for determining the microscale interactions in commercial colloidal suspensions; (2) improved understanding of the "atomic"-scale processes responsible for phase transitions, particularly in the technologically important case of rapid solidification; and (3) improved understanding of the microscopic structure, dynamics, and phase transitions of binary alloy systems. ***

9320378 Grier 技术摘要：该实验程序通过数字视频显微镜、光学捕获和激光散射的组合来解决胶体悬浮液的物理问题。 要研究的系统包括高电荷聚苯乙烯微球和超顺磁性铁磁流体乳液液滴。 特别感兴趣的领域包括：（1）颗粒间电势的精确测量； (2) 分析过冷单分散胶体悬浮液中相变的结构和动力学过程； (3) 双分散胶体悬浮液中的相变分析，重点关注无序固体的亚稳定性； (4)通过光学干涉图案模拟的调制基底电势的相行为的影响； (5) 测序单层铁磁流体乳液中相变的微观动力学。 非技术摘要：实验程序在三个层面上检查胶体悬浮液：（1）作为不同的物质状态； (2) 作为易于研究的传统材料的类似物，(3) 它们的自排序特性为纳米加工、非线性光学和其他先进应用带来了希望。 预期的实际好处包括（1）一种确定商业胶体悬浮液中微观相互作用的方法； (2) 提高对导致相变的“原子”尺度过程的理解，特别是在技术上重要的快速凝固情况下； (3) 提高了对二元合金系统的微观结构、动力学和相变的理解。 ***