MRI: Development of a Holographic Fabrication and Characterization Instrument for Materials Research and Educational Outreach

MRI：开发用于材料研究和教育推广的全息制造和表征仪器

• 批准号: 0922680
• 负责人: David Grier
• 金额: $ 76.78万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-10-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0922680&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Holographic; Fabrication; Characterization

0922680GrierNew York U."This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."Technical Summary: This proposal requests support to develop an integrated all-optical instrument for characterizing fluid-borne objects such as colloidal particles, nanowires and biological cells, and for assembling them into three dimensional structures for applications in materials science and engineering. The instrument is based on two complementary techniques that were developed in the Principal Investigator's laboratory: quantitative holographic video microscopy, and dynamic holographic trapping. The former can track hundreds of moving objects simultaneously with nanometer resolution in three dimensions, while simultaneously measuring their dimensions and optical properties. The latter can trap hundreds of microscopic objects independently and organize them into any specified three-dimensional structure. Together, these core technologies provide unprecedented control over the microscopic world. Optimized optical and mechanical design will enable the proposed instrument to characterize and process materials that are too sensitive or too challenging for existing proof-of-concept instruments. Consequently, it will have immediate applications for rapid prototyping of soft-matter-based photonic, electronic and optical electronic devices, and also will be used for micromechanical assays of bacterial biofilms. Its accessible layout and anticipated ease of use also will facilitate rapid adoption for fundamental research in physics and biophysics. The proposed instrument will be developed and operated out of New York University?s Center for Soft Matter Research, and will serve as a core facility for NYU?s recently inaugurated Materials Research Science and Engineering Center. Its open and modular design and robust computer-driven interface will be ideal for hands-on demonstrations during regularly scheduled K-12 classroom visits to the CSMR laboratories, and will be featured in the award-winning Scientific Frontiers educational outreach program at NYU.Non-Technical Summary: Assembling microscopic building blocks into three-dimensional functional structures is one of the outstanding challenges of materials science. Picking the right objects out of chemically synthesized mixtures, putting them together, and verifying the outcome has been all but impossible. The proposed instrument addresses the assembly problem by using forces exerted by computer-generated holograms to arrange microscopic fluid-borne objects into any specified three-dimensional configuration. It complements this holographic optical trapping capability with video-rate holographic imaging to track the objects? motions in three dimensions and simultaneously to measure their physical properties, thereby solving the selection and verification problems. Together, holographic micromanipulation and holographic characterization make it possible to build up complex three-dimensional structures from chemically-synthesized components. Immediate applications include assembling optically active colloidal spheres into artificial opals with optically-switchable optical properties, building three-dimensional circuits out of chemically grown nanowires, and crafting microscopic lasers out of colloidal components. The same instrument also will used to study the micromechanical properties of bacterial biofilms. The proposed instrument?s unique combination of capabilities will provide a core facility for New York University?s recently awarded Materials Research Science and Engineering Center. It also will take center stage in NYU?s award-winning Scientific Frontiers Program, which annually hosts hands-on laboratory tours for hundreds of New York City K-12 schoolchildren. The instrument?s open design, real-time visual feedback and robust computer-driven interface will encourage students of all ages to reach into the microscopic world and explore.

0922680GrierNew York University“该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公法111-5)资助的。”技术总结：该提案请求支持开发一种集成的全光学仪器，用于表征胶体颗粒、纳米线和生物细胞等流体载体，并将它们组装成三维结构，用于材料科学和工程中的应用。该仪器基于首席调查员实验室开发的两项互补技术：定量全息视频显微镜和动态全息捕捉。前者可以在三维空间以纳米分辨率同时跟踪数百个运动物体，同时测量它们的尺寸和光学性质。后者可以独立捕获数百个微观物体，并将它们组织成任何特定的三维结构。总而言之，这些核心技术提供了对微观世界前所未有的控制。优化的光学和机械设计将使拟议的仪器能够表征和处理对现有概念验证仪器过于敏感或过于具有挑战性的材料。因此，它将立即应用于基于软物质的光子、电子和光学电子器件的快速成型，并将用于细菌生物膜的微机械分析。其易于使用的布局和预期的易用性也将促进物理和生物物理学基础研究的快速采用。拟议中的仪器将由纽约大学S软物质研究中心开发和运营，并将作为纽约大学S最近成立的材料研究科学与工程中心的核心设施。其开放的模块化设计和强大的计算机驱动界面将是定期安排的K-12课堂访问CSMR实验室期间动手演示的理想选择，并将在纽约大学屡获殊荣的科学前沿教育推广计划中亮相。非技术总结：将微观构建块组装成三维功能结构是材料科学的突出挑战之一。从化学合成的混合物中挑选合适的物体，将它们放在一起，并验证结果几乎是不可能的。所提出的仪器通过使用计算机生成的全息图施加的力来解决组装问题，以将微观的流体携带的物体排列成任何指定的三维形状。它补充了这种全息光学捕捉能力与视频率全息成像，以跟踪对象？三维运动并同时测量其物理性质，从而解决了选择和验证问题。全息微操作和全息表征结合在一起，使得从化学合成的成分建立复杂的三维结构成为可能。直接的应用包括将光学活性胶体球组装成具有光学可切换光学特性的人造蛋白石，用化学生长的纳米线建造三维电路，以及用胶体组件制作微型激光。该仪器还将用于研究细菌生物膜的微观机械特性。建议的仪器？S独特的能力组合将为纽约大学提供核心设施？S最近授予材料科学与工程研究中心。它还将成为纽约大学S获奖的科学前沿项目的中心舞台，该项目每年为纽约市数以百计的K-12学童举办动手实验室之旅。S的开放式设计、实时视觉反馈和强大的计算机驱动界面将鼓励所有年龄段的学生进入微观世界进行探索。