Agenda Effects on Group Decisions

议程对群体决策的影响

• 批准号: 9410288
• 负责人: Reid Hastie
• 金额: $ 11.31万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-07-15 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9410288&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Agenda; Effects; Group; Decisions

9410288 Hastie ABSTRACT A program of empirical research on agenda effects in small decision making groups will be conducted. The experimental variations involve the sequencing and grouping of decision alternatives into subsets to structure the decision process into "Open" (all alternatives considered simultaneously), "Tournament" (alternatives pitted against one another in sequence with the ultimate choice determined by the final "winner"), "Optional Stopping" (accept-reject decisions for a sequence of alternatives considered one at a time), and other agenda structures. Individual preferences will be manipulated in two ways: (a) induced preference manipulations by making individual monetary payoffs contingent on the group choice and (b) attitudinal manipulations whereby choice options are made more or less attractive by varying their attributes and measuring individual preferences. Individual and group choices, information pooling during discussion, individual judgments of the group choice, reports of individual decision strategies, and other dependent measures will be assessed to describe the choice process. The decisions reached by committees, juries, and other important small groups are affected, sometimes dramatically, by the manner in which the group structures its decision process. The present research studies small groups attempting to solve practical, political, and legal problems. Specifically, we study the effects on group decisions of variations in the order of consideration and the pattern of direct comparisons of decision alternatives; we call these variations manipulations of the group "agenda." A second experimental variable, the distribution of information across group members at the start of discussion, is also studied in most of the experiments because it also has been shown to have large, subtle effects on group decision processes and outcomes. ***

9410288 Hastie 摘要 将开展一项关于小型决策小组议程影响的实证研究计划。 实验变化涉及对决策备选方案进行排序和分组为子集，以将决策过程构建为“开放”（同时考虑所有备选方案）、“锦标赛”（备选方案按顺序相互竞争，最终选择由最终“获胜者”确定）、“可选停止”（一次考虑一个备选方案序列的接受-拒绝决策）和其他议程结构。 个人偏好将以两种方式被操纵：（a）通过使个人货币回报取决于群体选择来诱导偏好操纵；（b）态度操纵，通过改变选择的属性和衡量个人偏好来增加或减少选择的吸引力。 将评估个人和团体的选择、讨论期间的信息汇集、团体选择的个人判断、个人决策策略的报告以及其他相关措施，以描述选择过程。 委员会、陪审团和其他重要小团体做出的决定会受到团体决策过程的影响，有时甚至是巨大的影响。 目前的研究研究试图解决实际、政治和法律问题的小团体。 具体来说，我们研究考虑顺序的变化以及决策方案的直接比较模式对群体决策的影响；我们将团体的这些变化操纵称为“议程”。 大多数实验也研究了第二个实验变量，即讨论开始时小组成员之间的信息分布，因为它也被证明对小组决策过程和结果有巨大而微妙的影响。 ***