RUI: Hormonal and Body Condition Effects on Natal Dispersal in Birds: Tests of a New Model

RUI：荷尔蒙和身体状况对鸟类出生传播的影响：新模型的测试

• 批准号: 9509079
• 负责人: James Belthoff
• 金额: $ 16.5万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-15 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509079&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Hormonal; Body; Condition; Effects

9509079 Natal dispersal, the movement from place of birth to location of first breeding, occurs in virtually all higher vertebrates. These movements have important implications for population regulation, mating systems, genetics, and conservation biology. The goal of this project is to understand the physiological ecology of natal dispersal movements in birds. A new model of dispersal, based on interactions among hormonal changes, body condition, and social stimuli, will be tested using both captive and free-living birds. The model predicts that level of corticosterone, a hormone known to stimulate increased locomotor and foraging activity, increases prior to dispersal due to a combination of endogenous and external events. This stimulates the locomotor activity that underlies dispersal behavior, and juveniles with sufficient fat reserves will disperse at that time. Birds in poor body condition will delay dispersing, but will increase their foraging activity. Dispersal of their siblings will reduce aggression and/or competition for food, enabling the remaining juveniles to improve their body condition and disperse. To test this model, hormone profiles of captive birds will be manipulated and their subsequent activity levels examined in relation to timing of dispersal. A second set of experiments will examine the relationship between corticosterone and timing of dispersal movements by free-living juvenile birds. These experiments will determine how activity levels, body condition, and hormones interact to control natal dispersal. This study will provide significant new insight into the factors controlling natal dispersal. The results will provide a basis for future studies of hormones and dispersal in vertebrates, and may be of applied value in managing the dispersal of species whose management is important.

9509079在高等脊椎动物中，几乎所有高等脊椎动物都会发生从出生地到首次繁殖地的迁徙。这些运动对种群调节、交配系统、遗传学和保护生物学都有重要的影响。这个项目的目标是了解鸟类出生后散布运动的生理生态学。一种新的扩散模型，基于荷尔蒙变化、身体状况和社会刺激之间的相互作用，将使用圈养和自由生活的鸟类进行测试。该模型预测，由于内源性和外部事件的组合，皮质酮的水平在扩散之前会增加。皮质酮是一种已知的刺激运动和觅食活动增加的激素。这刺激了作为散布行为基础的运动活动，有足够脂肪储备的青少年将在那时散开。身体状况不佳的鸟类会推迟分散，但会增加它们的觅食活动。兄弟姐妹的分散将减少攻击性和/或对食物的竞争，使剩余的幼崽能够改善身体状况并分散。为了测试这一模型，将操纵圈养鸟类的激素谱，并检查它们随后与扩散时间相关的活动水平。第二组实验将研究皮质酮与自由生活的幼鸟的扩散运动时间之间的关系。这些实验将确定活动水平、身体状况和荷尔蒙如何相互作用来控制分娩传播。这项研究将对控制出生扩散的因素提供重要的新见解。这一结果将为今后脊椎动物激素和扩散的研究提供基础，并可能对管理重要物种的扩散管理具有应用价值。