Physical-Biological Interactions Controlling Larval Krill Development and Early Survival: Implications for Population Recruitment and Demography of Euphausia Superba Dana

9525803弗兰克斯本项目将调查物理-生物特征的时空变异性如何影响南极磷虾幼虫的发育、状况和生存。成体产卵行为以及初级生产力和温度的区域差异被认为是控制磷虾死亡率、种群人口统计和补充的重要因素。使用改进的阶段结构幼虫种群模型，将研究产卵行为以及阶段持续时间和死亡率的变化对人口学和招募的影响。模型的结果将与观察到的幼虫分布进行比较，以确定哪些过程最能解释观察到的种群结构。使用具有阶段结构和现实外力的详细新陈代谢模型，我们将确定阶段持续时间和死亡率的变异性在多大程度上可以用食物可获得性和温度的影响来解释。幼虫的脂肪代谢将被纳入到模型中，以阐明物理和生物变异对幼虫磷虾状况的影响。模型将综合多个参数的影响，并将与现场观测和实验室实验密切结合。这项研究将为理解海洋种群与南大洋生态系统物理过程之间的相互作用作出宝贵贡献。这项研究的结果将适用于同时研究影响南大洋Euphausia Superba和加利福尼亚州洋流Euphausia Pacillia的物理-生物相互作用。其最终目的是量化与物理特征和现象相关的物理-生物斑块对幼虫状况、人口学和在Euphausiid种群中的招募的影响。了解物种对物理扰动的反应将阐明环境如何在进化上受到限制的生活史模式，以最大限度地在固有的零星和可变的系统中生存。通过这一理解，这项研究将为气候变化对龙虾种群及其生态系统的潜在影响提供见解。

9525803 Franks This project will investigate how spatial and temporal variability in physical-biological features affects the development, condition and survival of Antarctic krill larvae (Euphausia superba). It is believed that adult spawning behavior and regional differences in primary productivity and temperature are significant forces controlling krill mortality, population demography and recruitment. Using a modified stage-structured larval population model, the effects of spawning behavior and variations in stage durations and mortalities on demography and recruitment will be examined. The model results will be compared with observed larval distributions to determine which processes best account for the observed population structures. Using a detailed metabolic model with stage structure and realistic external forcing, we will determine how much of the variability in stage durations and mortalities can be explained by the effects of food availability and temperature. Larval lipid metabolism will be incorporated into the model for elucidating the influences of physical and biological variability on larval krill condition. Models will integrate the effects of multiple parameters and will intimately coupled to field observations and laboratory experiments. This study will provided a valuable contribution to the understanding of interactions between marine populations and physical processes in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. The results from this study will be applicable to concurrent research investigating the physical-biological interactions affecting Euphausia superba in the Southern Ocean, and Euphausia pacifica in the California current. The ultimate intent is to quantify the impact of physical-biological patchiness associated with physical features and phenomena on larval condition, demography and recruitment in euphausiid populations. Understanding species' responses to physical perturbations will elucidate how environments have evolutionarily constrained life- history patterns to maximize survival in inherently patchy and variable systems. Through this understanding, this study will provide insights into the potential effects of climatic change on euphausiid populations and their ecosystems.