Physical-Biological Interactions Controlling Larval Krill Development and Early Survival: Implications for Population Recruitment and Demography of Euphausia Superba Dana

本项目旨在研究南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）幼虫的发育、生存状况和生理生物特征的时空变化。认为成虾产卵行为、区域初级生产力和温度差异是控制磷虾死亡率、种群数量和繁殖的重要因素。使用一个改进的阶段结构幼虫种群模型，将检查产卵行为和阶段持续时间和死亡率的变化对人口和招募的影响。模型结果将与观察到的幼虫分布进行比较，以确定哪种过程最能解释观察到的种群结构。利用具有阶段结构和现实外部强迫的详细代谢模型，我们将确定阶段持续时间和死亡率的变化有多少可以用食物供应和温度的影响来解释。该模型将纳入幼体脂质代谢，以阐明物理和生物变异对幼体磷虾状况的影响。模型将综合多种参数的影响，并将与实地观察和实验室实验密切结合。这项研究将为了解南大洋生态系统中海洋种群与物理过程之间的相互作用提供有价值的贡献。本研究的结果将适用于同时进行的研究，以研究影响南大洋超级小鳞鲷和加利福尼亚海流太平洋小鳞鲷的物理-生物相互作用。最终目的是量化与物理特征和现象相关的物理-生物斑块对蠓种群幼虫状况、种群数量和招募的影响。了解物种对物理扰动的反应将阐明环境如何在进化上限制生命史模式，以在固有的斑块和可变系统中最大化生存。通过这种理解，本研究将深入了解气候变化对狼蛛种群及其生态系统的潜在影响。

9525803 Franks This project will investigate how spatial and temporal variability in physical-biological features affects the development, condition and survival of Antarctic krill larvae (Euphausia superba). It is believed that adult spawning behavior and regional differences in primary productivity and temperature are significant forces controlling krill mortality, population demography and recruitment. Using a modified stage-structured larval population model, the effects of spawning behavior and variations in stage durations and mortalities on demography and recruitment will be examined. The model results will be compared with observed larval distributions to determine which processes best account for the observed population structures. Using a detailed metabolic model with stage structure and realistic external forcing, we will determine how much of the variability in stage durations and mortalities can be explained by the effects of food availability and temperature. Larval lipid metabolism will be incorporated into the model for elucidating the influences of physical and biological variability on larval krill condition. Models will integrate the effects of multiple parameters and will intimately coupled to field observations and laboratory experiments. This study will provided a valuable contribution to the understanding of interactions between marine populations and physical processes in the Southern Ocean ecosystem. The results from this study will be applicable to concurrent research investigating the physical-biological interactions affecting Euphausia superba in the Southern Ocean, and Euphausia pacifica in the California current. The ultimate intent is to quantify the impact of physical-biological patchiness associated with physical features and phenomena on larval condition, demography and recruitment in euphausiid populations. Understanding species' responses to physical perturbations will elucidate how environments have evolutionarily constrained life- history patterns to maximize survival in inherently patchy and variable systems. Through this understanding, this study will provide insights into the potential effects of climatic change on euphausiid populations and their ecosystems.