Mitochondrial plasticity in response to changing abiotic factors in Antarctic fish and cephalopods

南极鱼类和头足类动物的线粒体可塑性对非生物因素变化的响应

• 批准号: 130764009
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hans-Otto Pörtner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Alfred-Wegener-Institut (AWI) Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/130764009?language=en
• 关键词: Mitochondrial; plasticity; response; changing; abiotic

Temperature has a large impact on the velocity of biochemical and enzymatic processes and hence is a key factor defining the performance of ectothermic organisms. Since temperature windows of single molecules largely exceed the thermal limits of the whole animal, thermal limits are most probably set at the level of integration of molecular functions into whole organism functional units and networks. Mitochondria are a key element in shaping whole organism energy turnover and functional capacity. Recent insight into the special molecular characters of Antarctic fish mitochondria provides a unique opportunity to develop and test hypotheses explaining the role of these characters in setting thermal tolerance. Furthermore, the already tight thermal tolerance windows of extremely stenothermal Antarctic fish and invertebrates may be narrowed by the ongoing process of ocean acidification (OA). As a result, these organisms may become even more sensitive to warming. The role of mitochondria in contributing to such changes in sensitivity is unclear.. In this project we will focus on the responses of Antarctic fish and cephalopods to the factors temperature and carbon dioxide at the mitochondrial level. Fishes of the sub-order Notothenioidei inhabit polar, sub-polar and in part cold temperate waters and therefore are good comparative model organisms for studies of thermal plasticity among closely related Antarctic fish species. This holds also true for the octopods (order: Cephalopoda), which are found from tropical to polar latitudes. In Antarctic waters, these highly developed animals share the same spatial and ecological niche as benthic notothenioids and thus directly compete for the same resources in the ecosystem. Elaboration of the contribution of mitochondria to the special features of stenothermy and climate sensitivity in Antarctic fishes and cephalopods appears as a highly relevant and timely contribution to the field of climate sensitivity of Antarctic ecosystems.

温度对生物化学和酶促过程的速度有很大影响，因此是决定变温生物性能的关键因素。由于单个分子的温度窗口大大超过了整个动物的热极限，因此热极限很可能是在分子功能整合到整个生物体功能单元和网络的水平上设定的。线粒体是塑造整个生物体能量周转和功能能力的关键因素。最近深入了解南极鱼类线粒体的特殊分子特征，提供了一个独特的机会来发展和测试解释这些特征在设置耐热性中的作用的假设。此外，极窄温南极鱼类和无脊椎动物已经很紧的耐热窗口可能会因海洋酸化的持续过程而缩小。因此，这些生物可能对变暖更加敏感。线粒体在促成这种敏感性变化中的作用尚不清楚。在这个项目中，我们将集中在南极鱼类和头足类动物的响应因素的温度和二氧化碳在线粒体水平。Notothenioidei亚目的鱼类生活在极地、亚极地和部分冷温带沃茨，因此是研究密切相关的南极鱼类之间热可塑性的良好比较模式生物。这也适用于从热带到极地纬度发现的章鱼（目：Ceutepoda）。在南极沃茨，这些高度发达的动物与底栖类鲸类具有相同的空间和生态位，因此直接竞争生态系统中的相同资源。线粒体对南极鱼类和头足类的狭温性和气候敏感性的贡献的评估，似乎是对南极生态系统气候敏感性领域的高度相关和及时的贡献。