Visual learning and attention guidance in patients with macular degeneration

黄斑变性患者的视觉学习和注意力指导

• 批准号: 140698776
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan Pollmann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Psychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/140698776?language=en
• 关键词: Visual; learning; attention; guidance; patients

Retinal damage affecting the macula leads to loss of high-resolution vision. Patients learn to use peripheral parts of their retina to replace foveal vision. Because of the lesser receptor density in the retinal periphery, this means a loss of spatial resolution. In the present project, we want to explore whether macular damage entails deficits in visual selective attention and visual long-term memory. From investigations in normal-sighted observers we know of a close link between selective attention and exploration of the environment by means of eye movements. When exploration is impaired by loss of foveal fixation, deficits of attentional selection may be a consequence. Since attentional selection of an object is known to be an important precondition for later retrieval from long-term memory, macular damage may also entail deficits in visual long term memory. We intend to investigate these topics in a series of experiments in which we measure guidance of visual search by implicit learning as well as visual object memory. Speed and accuracy of search and memory will be related to eye movement patterns as well as brain activation. Patient data will further be compared to data from normal-sighted individuals, in whom scotomata will be simulated via gaze-contingent displays.

影响黄斑的视网膜损伤导致高分辨率视力的丧失。患者学习使用视网膜的周边部分来代替中央凹视觉。由于视网膜周边的受体密度较小，这意味着空间分辨率的损失。在本项目中，我们想探讨黄斑损伤是否会导致视觉选择性注意和视觉长期记忆的缺陷。从对视力正常的观察者的调查中，我们知道选择性注意和通过眼球运动探索环境之间有着密切的联系。当探索因中心凹注视丧失而受损时，注意力选择缺陷可能是一个后果。由于已知对物体的注意力选择是以后从长期记忆中提取的重要先决条件，因此黄斑损伤也可能导致视觉长期记忆的缺陷。我们打算通过一系列实验来研究这些主题，在这些实验中，我们通过内隐学习和视觉对象记忆来测量视觉搜索的指导。搜索和记忆的速度和准确性将与眼球运动模式以及大脑激活有关。患者数据将进一步与正常视力个体的数据进行比较，其中暗点将通过凝视视情况显示来模拟。