Multi-Phased Flow Modeling of Vulcanian Explosions with Fountain Collapse on Montserrat
蒙特塞拉特火山喷泉塌陷的 Vulcanian 爆炸的多相流模拟
基本信息
- 批准号:0073761
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 15.02万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2000
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2000-08-15 至 2004-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
VoightEAR-0073761Numerous short-duration explosions occurred during August, September and October 1997, at the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies. These eruptions were accompanied by gravity collapse of heavy parts of the eruption column, that produced pumice and ash flows (pyroclastic flows) and "ash hurricanes" that moved sideways, into adjacent farmlands and formerly populated areas. Many of these eruptions were predicted, and we and other staff of Montserrat Volcano Observatory closely documented the eruptions by continuous seismic monitoring, measured surveys of the eruption clouds,photography, and video. Such data are rare, and in this project, we aim to quantify these eruptions, including the speed and trajectory of the explosion clouds, and then to compare these field-based data to sophisticated models of the eruptions. In our modeling, we will attempt to identify the magma and gas ratios in the eruption conduit before the explosion, and the pressure distribution. Then we will use this information as the starting condition for a "multi-phase" explosion model, in which separated solid and gas phases are allowed to expand dynamically upon release from the conduit tube. We can track the speeds and trajectories of the particles emitted from the conduit, and the particle densities of theerupting particle-and-gas cloud. We hope from this study to establish the main conditions in the conduit that control whether the clouds will continue to rise vertically, or will collapse to form dangerous pyroclastic flows. Pyroclastic flows are the major cause of loss of life in explosive eruptions worldwide, and the improved understanding obtained from this project should help to reduce hazards at a number of locations in this country and abroad.
1997年8月、9月和10月,西印度群岛蒙特塞拉特岛苏弗里埃山火山发生了多次短时间爆炸。这些喷发伴随着喷发柱重部分的重力塌陷,产生浮石和火山灰流(火山碎屑流)和“火山灰飓风”,向侧面移动,进入邻近的农田和以前的人口稠密地区。 这些火山喷发中有许多是预测到的,我们和蒙特塞拉特火山观测站的其他工作人员通过连续的地震监测、对火山喷发云的测量、摄影和录像,密切记录了火山喷发。这样的数据是罕见的,在这个项目中,我们的目标是量化这些喷发,包括爆炸云的速度和轨迹,然后将这些基于现场的数据与复杂的喷发模型进行比较。在我们的模拟中,我们将试图确定爆炸前的岩浆和气体的比例在喷发管道,和压力分布。然后,我们将使用此信息作为“多相”爆炸模型的起始条件,在该模型中,分离的固相和气相被允许在从导管释放时动态地膨胀。我们可以追踪从管道中喷出的粒子的速度和轨迹,以及喷出的粒子和气体云的粒子密度。我们希望通过这项研究来确定管道中的主要条件,这些条件控制着云层是否会继续垂直上升,或者是否会坍塌形成危险的火山碎屑流。火山碎屑流是全世界爆炸性喷发造成生命损失的主要原因,从这一项目中获得的更好的认识应有助于减少本国和国外一些地点的危险。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Barry Voight其他文献
Objective rapid delineation of areas at risk from block-and-ash pyroclastic flows and surges
客观快速划定受块状和火山灰火山碎屑流和涌动威胁的区域
- DOI:
10.1007/s00445-008-0254-6 - 发表时间:
2009 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:
C. Widiwijayanti;B. Voight;Barry Voight;D. Hidayat;Steve P. Schilling - 通讯作者:
Steve P. Schilling
Instability of magma flow from volatile-dependent viscosity
挥发物依赖性粘度导致岩浆流不稳定
- DOI:
10.1126/science.285.5435.1883 - 发表时间:
1999 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:56.9
- 作者:
Jonathan J. Wylie;Barry Voight;Barry Voight;John Whitehead - 通讯作者:
John Whitehead
On the application of finite-element techniques to problems concerning potential distribution and stress analysis in the earth sciences
- DOI:
10.1007/bf00877835 - 发表时间:
1969-12-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.900
- 作者:
Barry Voight;Alan C. Samuelson - 通讯作者:
Alan C. Samuelson
Tectonophysical implications of rock stress determinations
- DOI:
10.1007/bf01820727 - 发表时间:
1968-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.000
- 作者:
Barry Voight;J. W. Taylor;J. P. Voight - 通讯作者:
J. P. Voight
Laboratory investigation of the frictional behavior of granular volcanic material
- DOI:
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.015 - 发表时间:
2008-06-10 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Jon Samuelson;Chris Marone;Barry Voight;Derek Elsworth - 通讯作者:
Derek Elsworth
Barry Voight的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Barry Voight', 18)}}的其他基金
RAPID: Pyroclastic Surge Dynamics in the 2010 Merapi Eruption
RAPID:2010 年默拉皮火山喷发的火山碎屑涌动动力学
- 批准号:
1125069 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Facility Support for the CALIPSO Borehole Observatory, Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat
合作研究:为蒙特塞拉特苏弗里埃尔山火山 CALIPSO 钻孔观测站提供设施支持
- 批准号:
0732415 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The CALIPSO Project: Imaging the Magma Chamber on Montserrat
合作研究:CALIPSO 项目:蒙特塞拉特岛岩浆室成像
- 批准号:
0607691 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: The CALIPSO Project: Imaging the Magma Chamber on Montserrat
合作研究:CALIPSO 项目:蒙特塞拉特岛岩浆室成像
- 批准号:
0507324 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: SEA-CALIPSO: An Offshore/Onshore Tomography and Magma-Chamber Seismic Imaging Experiment on Montserrat
合作研究:SEA-CALIPSO:蒙特塞拉特岛海上/陆上层析成像和岩浆室地震成像实验
- 批准号:
0440284 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Validation of a Numerical Granular Flow Simulation Model for Pyroclastic Flows and Debris Avalanches
火山碎屑流和泥石流数值颗粒流模拟模型的验证
- 批准号:
0408709 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Magma Reservoir-Conduit Dynamics Revealed by Borehole Geophysical Observatory and Continuous GPS
合作研究:钻孔地球物理观测站和连续 GPS 揭示的岩浆储层-管道动力学
- 批准号:
0116826 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Edifice Sector Failure at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat: Documenting the Failure Dynamics of a Hydrothermally-Altered Edifice in Three-Dimensions
蒙特塞拉特岛苏弗里埃尔山火山的建筑物部门失效:在三维空间中记录热液改造建筑物的失效动力学
- 批准号:
9909673 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Broadband Seismic Studies of Dome Growth at Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
印度尼西亚默拉皮火山圆顶生长的宽带地震研究
- 批准号:
0001199 - 财政年份:2000
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Dome Growth, Instability, and Pyroclastic Flow Generation at Decade Volcano Merapi, Indonesia
印度尼西亚默拉皮十年火山的穹顶生长、不稳定和火山碎屑流的产生
- 批准号:
9614622 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 15.02万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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