XYZ-On-a-Chip: Micromachined Magnetically Reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surfaces

这笔赠款为可重构频率选择表面(FSS)的研究和开发提供了资金。FFS是一种周期性结构，可以对来自无线和卫星通信系统的电磁信号进行频率滤波。通过适当地设计导电偶极子元件阵列的大小和间距，可以选择结构的总体频率响应和带宽。尽管多年来人们对FSS进行了严格的研究，但随着新应用的出现，FSS在过去十年中经历了巨大的增长。它们的主要用途是用作高性能反射面天线系统中的频率过滤器(双工器)、先进的雷达罩设计以及用于隐身应用的智能表面。在许多这样的应用中，非常希望能够自适应地重新配置FSS的频率和带宽响应。然而，一个根本的挑战是开发在不影响滤波性能的情况下实现显著的高速可重构性的方法。尽管FSS通常是由静态的面内元件制成的，但已经观察到将偶极子元件旋转出表面平面强烈地改变了表面的频率响应。此外，微机械加工和MEMS技术的最新进展和发展为解决这一问题提供了新的途径。这里提出的FSS的可重构性是通过集成位于表面x-y平面的新型磁性微执行器阵列来实现的，并且能够进行大的平面外旋转(0度到90度)来调节其频率带宽响应。为了最大限度地提高磁性微致动器的性能，将通过新开发的电沉积工艺将永磁材料集成到阵列中。该项目的目标是为K波段(26-40 GHz)、Q波段(40 GHz)、W波段(60 GHz)和更高频率的信号设计、制造和测试微机械可重构FSS。

This grant provides funding for the research and development of reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSSs). FFSs are periodic structures that can provide frequency filtering to electromagnetic signals from wireless and satellite communication systems. With the proper design of the size and spacing of an array of conductive dipole elements, one is able to select the overall frequency response and bandwidth of the structure. Although FSSs have been studied rigorously over the years, FSSs have experienced tremendous growth in the last ten years with new applications emerging. The primary utilization of they has been as frequency filters (diplexers) in high-performance reflector-antenna systems, advanced radome designs, and smart surfaces for stealth applications. In many of these applications it is highly desirable to be able to adaptively reconfigure the frequency and bandwidth response of the FSS. However, a fundamental challenge has been to develop methods of achieving significant high-speed reconfigurability without compromising filtering performance.Although FSSs are typically made with static in-plane elements, it has been observed that rotating the dipole elements out of the plane of the surface strongly alters the frequency response of the surface. In addition, recent advances and developments in micromachining and MEMS technologies provide a new approach to this problem. The reconfigurability of the FSS proposed here, is enabled by the integration of novel magnetic microactuator arrays positioned in the x-y plane of the surface and capable of large out-of-plane rotations (0 degrees to 90 degrees) that tune its frequency bandwidth response. To maximize magnetic microactuator performance, permanent magnetic materials will be integrated into the array by newly developed electrodeposition processes. The goal of this project is to design, fabricate, and test micromachined reconfigurable FSSs for signals at K-band (26-40 GHz), Q-band (40 GHz), W-band (60 GHz), and higher frequencies.