SGER: The Psychophysiology of Emotion Regulation

自我调节是适应性行为的基石，在情绪方面，自我调节能力是最重要的。情绪调节是工作和人际关系成功的基础。在工作中持续的注意力要求人们抛开情绪冲动，良好的人际关系要求人们审慎地监督自己表达的情绪和表达方式。在过去的二十年里，情绪研究人员开始严格研究情绪调节过程。然而，进一步的理论和实证进展需要更深入地了解情绪调节的神经基质。在这个两项研究的探索性项目中，将使用最先进的自主和中央监测程序来检查方法和退出倾向的上下调节，它们共同代表了动机行为的基本要素。这些研究有两个具体目的：(1)确定与接近和退缩相关的冲动调节的自主、行为和主观相关性；特别是饥饿和厌恶。(2)利用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和同时进行的自主生理记录，确定进入和退出自我调节的神经相关性。第一项研究将通过记录实验参与者在各种刺激呈现条件下调节厌恶和/或饥饿的自主、主观和行为反应来解决具体目标1。第二项研究将通过记录参与者的大脑活动、自主生理学和主观经验来解决特定目标2，这些参与者正在根据研究1的结果选择厌恶和饥饿相关的刺激来调节他们的体验。

Self-regulation is the cornerstone of adaptive behavior, and nowhere is the capacity for self-regulation more critical than when it comes to emotions. Emotion regulation provides the basis for success at work and in interpersonal relations. Sustained attention at work requires that people put out of mind emotional impulses, and good interpersonal relations require that people judiciously monitor which emotions they express and how they express them. In the past two decades, emotion researchers have begun to rigorously examine emotion regulatory processes. However, further theoretical and empirical progress requires a deeper understanding of the neural substrates of emotion regulation. In this two-study exploratory project, state-of-the-art autonomic and central monitoring procedures will be used to examine the up- and down-regulation of approach and withdrawal tendencies, which together represent the basic elements of motivated behavior. These studies have two specific aims: (1) To determine the autonomic, behavioral, and subjective correlates of the regulation of approach- and withdrawal-related impulses; specifically, hunger and disgust. (2) To determine the neural correlates of self-regulation of approach and withdrawal, using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and simultaneous autonomic physiological recording. The first study will address Specific Aim 1 by recording autonomic, subjective, and behavioral responses from experimental participants who are regulating disgust and/or hunger under a variety of stimulus presentation conditions. The second study will address Specific Aim 2 by recording brain activity, autonomic physiology, and subjective experience in participants who are regulating their experience of disgust- and hunger-related stimuli selected on the basis of the results of Study 1.