US Surface Ocean - Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) Workshop

该奖项将支持一个关于海洋-低层大气（SOLA）区域控制气候相关化合物（CRCs）的生物地球化学和物理过程的科学规划研讨会。本次研讨会将启动美国表层海洋-低层大气研究（SOLAS）科学计划的发展。美国SOLAS系统将成为国际SOLAS系统的一部分，该系统目前是由IGBP、SCOR和CACGP计划的一个新的国际接口项目。国际SOLAS已经得到了SCOR和IGBP的批准。本次研讨会将围绕海洋/大气生物地球化学耦合中几个相互关联的基础科学问题进行组织：—海洋表面-低层大气硫循环—海洋表面-低层大气中的辐射和光化学—二氧化碳和其他气候相关气体的边界层动力学—大气与海洋氮循环的联系—边界层物理学。讲习班的总体目标将是：——总结SOLA区域碳碳化合物通量量化方面的最新进展。-确定关键和可解决的知识空白，以预测未来海洋低层大气中碳碳化合物的浓度。-优先考虑哪些跨学科和多学科研究将进一步加深我们对该边界区域crc浓度和通量控制的理解。——进一步制定美国研究SOLA地区的科学计划，并评估这一努力如何与其他国家和国际科学倡议（如美国碳循环科学计划（CCSP）、IGBP国际全球大气化学（IGAC）项目和国际SOLAS）相结合。在SOLA区域，大气中许多crc的浓度受到物理、生物和化学过程的影响。模型表明，该地区特别容易受到气候变化的影响，该地区的变化可能影响全球碳碳化合物的浓度。因此，预测碳碳化合物的未来水平需要更好地了解SOLA的过程，以及这些过程在各种气候变化情景下将如何变化。SOLA区域的许多过程在空气-水界面的两侧密切相关，必须以综合跨学科的方式进行调查。在过去十年中，对相关过程的研究取得了进展，但缺乏对这些过程的整体和相互联系的看法。越来越多关于生物地球化学和物理循环相互联系的证据充分证明了这种方法的必要性。一些过程，如微量营养物质的风成沉积对海洋表面碳循环的影响，越来越受到重视。其他的，例如来自海洋的气溶胶颗粒对低大气氧化效率的影响，正变得越来越明显。为了量化这些与气候相关的过程，研究海洋表面和低层大气的科学家之间的合作是必要的。开发一个跨越传统学科界限的项目是具有挑战性的，并且需要来自过去没有常规互动的研究人员的大量社区投入。提议的研讨会是促进这种互动的一个途径。与之前的跨学科合作（如JGOFS）一样，由于科学突破通常是通过“跳出框框”（或在本例中为油藏）来实现的，因此回报率很高。

ABSTRACTOCE-0111295This award will support a science-planning workshop on the biogeochemical and physical processes controlling climate relevant compounds (CRCs) in the Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere (SOLA) region. This workshop will initiate the development of a science plan for a US Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS). US SOLAS will be part of the international SOLAS, which is currently planned as a new international interfacial program by the IGBP, SCOR and CACGP. The international SOLAS has already been approved by SCOR and IGBP. This workshop will be structured around several interelated fundamental science issues in ocean/atmosphere biogeochemical coupling:-- The Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Sulfur Cycle-- Radiation and Photochemistry in the Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere-- Boundary Layer Dynamics of CO2 and other climate relevant gases-- Atmospheric Connections with the Marine Nitrogen Cycle-- Boundary Layer Physics Through discussions in the five science issue areas above, the overall objectives of the workshop will be to: -- Summarize recent advances in quantifying fluxes of CRCs in the SOLA region. -- Identify critical and addressable knowledge gaps to predict future concentrations of CRCs in the lower marine atmosphere. -- Prioritize which inter- and multi-disciplinary studies will further our understanding of controls on the concentrations and fluxes of CRCs in this boundary region. -- Further the development of a US science plan for study of the SOLA region and evaluate how such an effort would interface with other national and international science initiatives such as the U.S. Carbon Cycle Science Plan (CCSP), the IGBP International Global Atmospheric Chemistry (IGAC) project and the international SOLAS. The atmospheric concentrations of many CRCs are affected by physical, biological, and chemical processes in the SOLA region. Models suggest that this region is particularly susceptible to climate change, and that changes in this region can affect global concentrations of CRCs. Forecasting future levels of the CRCs thus requires better knowledge of processes in the SOLA and how the processes there will change under various climate change scenarios. Many processes in the SOLA region are closely linked on both sides of the air-water interface and must be investigated in a comprehensive interdisciplinary fashion. Advances have been made over the last decade in the study of the relevant processes, but a holistic and interlinking view of these processes has been lacking. The need for such an approach has been amply documented by increasing evidence of the interconnectivity of biogeochemical and physical cycles. Some processes, such as the effect of aeolian deposition of trace nutrients on the surface ocean's carbon cycle, have received increasing attention. Others, such as the effect of ocean-derived aerosol particles on lower atmosphere oxidation efficiency are just becoming apparent. To quantify these climate-relevant processes a partnership between scientists investigating the surface ocean and lower atmosphere is necessary. Developing a program that crosses traditional disciplinary boundaries is challenging and requires significant community input from investigators who have not routinely interacted in the past. The proposed workshop is one avenue to foster such interactions. As with previous interdisciplinary efforts, such as JGOFS, the returns are high as scientific breakthroughs are often accomplished by thinking "outside the box"[or in this case reservoir].