The Double Irony of Citizenship: A Comparative/Historical Approach to Studying Naturalization in Advanced Industrialized Countries
公民身份的双重讽刺:研究先进工业化国家入籍的比较/历史方法
基本信息
- 批准号:0111450
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 18.14万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2001
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2001-08-01 至 2004-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
SES-0111450Thomas JanoskiUniversity of Kentucky Naturalization rates vary considerably from country to country with rates in the United States and Australia being high, the United Kingdom and France being moderate, and Japan and Germany being very low. Naturalization rates not only measure the number of new citizens in a society, but also measure the extent to which states and societies formally integrate minorities into their realm. As such, naturalization rules and rates will have a large influence on: the quality of life of immigrants and their children, on ethnic conflict and social solidarity, on attempts at social control, and on the recent efforts at transnational unification (e.g., European Union citizenship and the possibility of North American citizenship). Given the importance of these issues, why do some countries willingly integrate and others block the transformation of strangers into full-fledged citizens? This proposal uses a political economy and institutional framework to explain naturalization rates in 20 countries, and collects new data on naturalization rates and innovative explanatory variables. Naturalization rates are explained using three methodological approaches-comparative/historical analysis of law and institutions; four case studies; and pooled time series analysis. First, from a comparative historical analysis of law and institutions, it is hypothesized that experiences with colonization and settlement cause high naturalization rates, while non-colonizers have no particular reason to integrate strangers into their country. The main explanatory factors are: colonization from 1855-1955, indigenous population decline from 1800-1920 as a measure of settler country labor supply, and a barrier index to naturalization constructed from national laws. Cross-national regression procedure will be used to explain a major part of the variance in naturalization rates from 1970-95. Controls are used for economic, demographic, cultural, and other variables, and arguments are made against the impact of immigration itself as an explanation of naturalization. Second, in four case studies using Millsean methods, pairs of culturally similar countries are examined to identify the institutional mechanisms that affected multi-cultural approaches to naturalization. In a comparison of the primary colonizers of France and the UK, the effects of the method of colonization and the elite decisions to pursue citizenship for a larger empire are examined. A documentary and time-series analysis of Germany and Austria show Germany as a non-colonizer developed into a mono-cultural empire hostile to naturalization and Austria as a European colonizer transformed itself into a multi-cultural empire that was more friendly to naturalization. Another documentary analysis of culturally similar countries shows that the Netherlands, as an early and extensive colonizer, has a much more liberal naturalization regime than Belgium, which was a late and reluctant colonizer. And the final comparative case study is of three Anglo-Saxon settler countries where the impact of differential treatment of indigenous peoples on naturalization will be examined. Throughout the case studies, the emphasis is on demonstrating the how elites made open or restrictive decisions about naturalization. Third, in a pooled time-series and cross-sectional analysis, the unit of analysis is the "yearcountry" (i.e., 20 countries from 1970-95 with about 500 cases). This allows a year-to-year analysis of political party power, unemployment, demographic changes, and other factors that are purported to influence naturalization. Zolberg's approaches to immigration) and will challenge previous economic, demographic and cultural theories of naturalization. It embeds cultural institutions within a larger political economy framework of colonization and emphasizes that theories of naturalization are clearly distinct from theories of immigration.
SES-0111450Thomas Janoski 肯塔基大学 入籍率因国家而异,美国和澳大利亚的入籍率较高,英国和法国的入籍率中等,日本和德国的入籍率非常低。入籍率不仅衡量一个社会中新公民的数量,还衡量国家和社会将少数族裔正式融入其领域的程度。因此,入籍规则和入籍率将对以下方面产生重大影响:移民及其子女的生活质量、种族冲突和社会团结、社会控制的尝试以及最近跨国统一的努力(例如欧盟公民身份和北美公民身份的可能性)。鉴于这些问题的重要性,为什么一些国家愿意融入,而另一些国家则阻止陌生人转变为成熟的公民?该提案利用政治经济学和制度框架来解释20个国家的入籍率,并收集有关入籍率的新数据和创新的解释变量。使用三种方法来解释入籍率:法律和制度的比较/历史分析;四个案例研究;以及汇总时间序列分析。首先,从法律和制度的比较历史分析出发,假设殖民和定居的经历导致高入籍率,而非殖民者没有特别的理由让陌生人融入自己的国家。主要的解释因素是:1855年至1955年的殖民化、1800年至1920年作为定居者国家劳动力供应衡量标准的土著人口下降以及根据国家法律构建的入籍障碍指数。跨国回归程序将用于解释 1970-95 年入籍率差异的主要部分。对经济、人口、文化和其他变量进行控制,并提出反对移民本身作为入籍解释的影响的论点。其次,在使用米尔森方法的四个案例研究中,对文化相似的国家进行了研究,以确定影响多元文化入籍方法的制度机制。通过对法国和英国主要殖民者的比较,我们考察了殖民方法的影响以及为更大的帝国追求公民身份的精英决策的影响。对德国和奥地利的纪录片和时间序列分析表明,德国作为一个非殖民者发展成为一个敌视归化的单一文化帝国,而奥地利作为一个欧洲殖民者则转变为一个对归化更加友好的多元文化帝国。另一项对文化相似国家的文献分析表明,荷兰作为一个早期的、广泛的殖民者,比比利时这个晚期的、不情愿的殖民者拥有更加自由的入籍制度。最后的比较案例研究是针对三个盎格鲁撒克逊定居者国家,其中将研究土著人民的差别待遇对入籍的影响。在整个案例研究中,重点是展示精英如何就入籍做出开放或限制性的决定。第三,在汇总时间序列和横断面分析中,分析单位是“年份国家”(即 1970-95 年的 20 个国家,约 500 个病例)。这样可以对政党权力、失业、人口变化以及其他据称影响入籍的因素进行逐年分析。 佐尔伯格的移民方法)并将挑战先前的经济、人口和文化入籍理论。它将文化机构嵌入到更大的殖民政治经济框架中,并强调归化理论与移民理论明显不同。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
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Thomas Janoski其他文献
The complexities of measuring naturalization rates in advanced industrialized countries
- DOI:
10.1057/cep.2013.15 - 发表时间:
2013-06-17 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.200
- 作者:
Thomas Janoski - 通讯作者:
Thomas Janoski
Citizenship in China: a Comparison of Rights with the East and West
- DOI:
10.1007/s11366-014-9303-5 - 发表时间:
2014-06-25 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.500
- 作者:
Thomas Janoski - 通讯作者:
Thomas Janoski
Thomas Janoski的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Thomas Janoski', 18)}}的其他基金
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Volunteering and Democratization
博士论文改进:志愿服务和民主化
- 批准号:
1409243 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 18.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RAPID: Lean Production in Auto Plants
RAPID:汽车工厂的精益生产
- 批准号:
0940807 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 18.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Direct State Intervention in the Labor Market: The Explanation of Active Labor Market Policy from 1950-88 in Social Democratic, Conservative, and Liberal Regimes
国家对劳动力市场的直接干预:1950-88年社会民主主义、保守主义和自由主义政权积极劳动力市场政策的解释
- 批准号:
9211542 - 财政年份:1992
- 资助金额:
$ 18.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
MGR Honorable Mention: Phillip Atkinson
MGR 荣誉奖:菲利普·阿特金森
- 批准号:
8915658 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 18.14万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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