Arabidopsis 2010: The Endgame for Reverse Genetics: Isolation and Distribution of a Knockout Mutant for Every Gene in Arabidopsis.

拟南芥2010：逆向遗传学的终局。拟南芥2010项目的重点是确定模式植物拟南芥基因组中发现的26,000个基因中的每个基因的功能。确定基因功能的最权威的方法之一是创造一个缺失该基因的生物体，然后问这个问题：这个简单的遗传缺陷是如何改变生物体的发育和功能的？这种突变生物通常被称为“基因敲除”，该项目的重点是开发和使用新技术，为研究界提供基因敲除植物。该项目的资金将继续支持威斯康星大学基因敲除植物设施，该设施是根据之前的奖励建立的，并支持使用新的高通量方法更容易识别大量基因敲除植物的研究。研究界和公众可以通过威斯康星大学生物技术中心基因敲除植物设施已经建立和维护的网站（http://www.biotech.wisc.edu/Arabidopsis/）获取用于筛选突变体的程序信息，并从该项目获得种子。该项目支持的一项新技术是使用最近开发的一种方法来创建“DNA芯片”（即，在小块玻璃上合成和显示大量不同的DNA序列），以开发发现和编目基因敲除生物的新方法。这项研究的结果将发表在适当的科学期刊上，高通量筛选寻找新的基因敲除植物的方法将在上述网站上介绍。更广泛地说，该项目的结果可能为确定任何测序基因组中基因的功能提供新的方法，这些信息对农业和医学的进一步发展至关重要。

Arabidopsis 2010: The Endgame for Reverse Genetics. The Arabidopsis 2010 Project is focused on determining the function of each of the 26,000 genes found in the genome of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. One of the most definitive methods for determining gene function is to create an organism in which that gene is missing and then ask the question: how does that simple genetic defect change how the organism develops and functions? Such mutant organisms are commonly called 'knockouts' and this project is focused on developing and using new technologies to provide knockout plants to the research community. Funds from this project will continue to support the University of Wisconsin Knockout Plant Facility, established under a previous award, as well as support research on using new high throughput methods for more easily identifying large numbers of knockout plants. The research community and public can obtain information on the procedures used to screen for mutants and to obtain seeds from this project via the website already established and maintained at the University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center Knockout Plant Facility(http://www.biotech.wisc.edu/Arabidopsis/). One new technology supported under this project is the use of a recently developed method for creating 'DNA chips' (i.e., small pieces of glass on which a very large number of different DNA sequences are synthesized and displayed) to develop new methods of finding and cataloging knockout organisms. Results from this research will be published in the appropriate scientific journals and the methodology for high-throughput screens to find new knockout plants will be described on the above website. More broadly, results from this project may provide new methods for determining the function of genes in any sequenced genome, information which is critical for further advances in agriculture and medicine.