RESEARCH PGR: An interdisciplinary approach to deciphering molecular signaling pathways controlling plant-symbiont associations in legumes and cereals.

研究 PGR：一种跨学科方法，用于破译控制豆类和谷物中植物共生体关联的分子信号传导途径。

• 批准号: 1546742
• 负责人: Michael Sussman
• 金额: $ 270.77万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1546742&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RESEARCH; PGR; interdisciplinary; approach; deciphering

Part 1: Non-technical abstractThe roots of crop plants contain important microorganisms that allow the plants and microbes to satisfy their nutritional needs. The relationship between these two very different types of organisms is called symbiotic because both partners benefit from the association. The plant converts sunlight and carbon dioxide into sugars and other organic compounds that are supplied to the microbes in the roots. The microbes provide phosphate and nitrogen to the plant in forms that the plant can readily ingest. These symbiotic associations permit the growth of some crops without added fertilizer. For example, plants are unable to convert gaseous nitrogen in the atmosphere into a reduced form that can be incorporated into the proteins, vitamins and other critical biomolecules that allow them to germinate, develop and grow. Certain crops, such as the legumes (e.g., beans, peas and alfalfa) harbor nitrogen-converting bacteria within specialized structures in their roots that provide this reduced nitrogen to the plant. Most crops do not have these bacteria and must rely on the application of nitrogen fertilizer for optimal growth. This project seeks to obtain a molecular understanding of this symbiotic association between plant and microbes, with a long-term goal of enabling such an association in non-leguminous crops like corn and wheat, which currently require extensive fertilization to sustain crop yield. A broader impact of this project is a summer Plant Proteomics Workshop, which provides training in proteomic and genomic profiling to the entire plant research community.Part 2: Technical abstractThis project seeks to profile the early molecular events in the recognition of and response to symbiotic microbes (nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) by the model legume crop, Medicago truncatula and the model monocot, rice. This approach will enable a comparison at the molecular level of the mechanisms by which these two crop groups recognize their beneficial microbes. The analysis of the shared and distinct chemical and genetic factors in these two systems should provide tools and information to enable the engineering of beneficial associations between cereal crops (e.g., rice, corn, wheat) and nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. The specific aims are (1) the identification of host proteins modified by phosphorylation, acetylation or ubiquitinylation in first hour following signal reception, and validation of potentially active candidates from this and from the previous project award period, (2) the integration of proteomic and transcriptomic responses into networks that can be compared in the two species, using informatics and computational modeling, and (3) a high-throughput screen for symbiosis factors using a newly developed chemical genomics chip system. This project will expand a Plant Proteomics Workshop for training in the latest large-scale proteomic and genomic profiling technologies.

第一部分：农作物的根部含有重要的微生物，这些微生物可以满足植物和微生物的营养需求。这两种截然不同的生物之间的关系被称为共生，因为双方都从这种联系中受益。这种植物将阳光和二氧化碳转化为糖和其他有机化合物，供应给根部的微生物。微生物以植物可以容易摄取的形式向植物提供磷酸盐和氮。这些共生关系使某些作物不需要额外的肥料就能生长。例如，植物无法将大气中的气态氮转化为还原形式，这种还原形式可以掺入蛋白质，维生素和其他关键的生物分子中，使它们能够发芽，发育和生长。某些作物，例如豆类（例如，豆类、豌豆和苜蓿）在其根部的专门结构中含有氮转化细菌，所述氮转化细菌向植物提供这种还原的氮。大多数作物没有这些细菌，必须依靠氮肥的施用来实现最佳生长。该项目旨在从分子水平上了解植物和微生物之间的这种共生关系，其长期目标是在玉米和小麦等非豆科作物中实现这种关系，这些作物目前需要大量施肥以维持作物产量。 一个更广泛的影响，这个项目是一个夏季植物蛋白质组学研讨会，它提供了在蛋白质组学和基因组图谱的培训，以整个植物研究community.Part 2：Technical abstractThis项目旨在配置文件的早期分子事件的识别和响应共生微生物（固氮根瘤菌和丛枝菌根真菌）的模式豆科作物，苜蓿和模式单子叶植物，水稻。这种方法将能够在分子水平上比较这两种作物群体识别其有益微生物的机制。对这两个系统中共有的和不同的化学和遗传因素的分析应提供工具和信息，使谷类作物之间的有益关联的工程（例如，水稻、玉米、小麦）和固氮根瘤菌。具体目标是（1）在信号接收后的第一个小时内鉴定通过磷酸化，乙酰化或泛素化修饰的宿主蛋白质，并验证本项目和上一个项目奖励期的潜在活性候选物，（2）将蛋白质组学和转录组学反应整合到可以在两个物种中进行比较的网络中，使用信息学和计算建模，以及（3）使用新开发的化学基因组学芯片系统高通量筛选共生因子。该项目将扩大植物蛋白质组学研讨会，以培训最新的大规模蛋白质组学和基因组分析技术。