Cloning and Functional Analysis of the Arabidopsis lut1 Locus: A Noval Activity Required for Hydroxylation of Epsilon Ring Carotenoids in Plants

拟南芥 lut1 基因座的克隆和功能分析：植物中 Epsilon 环类胡萝卜素羟基化所需的新活性

• 批准号: 0131253
• 负责人: Dean DellaPenna
• 金额: $ 34.5万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-02-01 至 2006-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0131253&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cloning; Functional; Analysis; Arabidopsis; lut1

Plants synthesize two major groups of carotenoids: carotenes, which arecyclized or uncyclized hydrocarbons (e.g. lycopene and beta carotene), andxanthophylls, which are variously oxygenated derivatives of carotenes (e.g.lutein and zeaxanthin). Carotene hydroxylases (OHases) add hydroxyl groupsto the rings of cyclic carotenes and are essential for the synthesis of allxanthophylls in plants. This proposal performs a detailed analysis ofcarotene hydroxylases in plant tissues by isolating genes defining specificcarotene hydroxylases and modifying the expression of one or more activityby mutant analysis. The consequences of such modifications on carotenoidand xanthophyll synthesis and composition in photosynthetic tissues willprovide important insights into the role of each enzyme in the pathway andthe consequences of pathway engineering in food crops. Given the importanceof carotenes as antioxidants in the human diet and the role(s) ofcarotenoids in decreasing the incidence and progression of maculardegeneration, various cancers and vitamin A deficiency in certain subgroupsof the global population, a further understanding of the enzymes involvedin carotenoid and xanthophyll synthesis may have beneficial impacts on theoverall health of the population.

植物合成两大类类胡萝卜素：胡萝卜素，它是不饱和或未环化的碳氢化合物（如番茄红素和β-胡萝卜素），以及叶黄素，它是胡萝卜素的各种氧化衍生物（如叶黄素和玉米黄质）。胡萝卜素羟化酶（Carotene hydroxylases，OH酶）是将羟基加到环状胡萝卜素环上的酶，是植物合成所有叶黄素的必需酶。 该建议通过分离定义特定胡萝卜素羟化酶的基因并通过突变体分析修改一种或多种活性的表达来对植物组织中的胡萝卜素羟化酶进行详细分析。 这些修饰对光合组织中类胡萝卜素和叶黄素的合成和组成的影响将为了解每种酶在途径中的作用以及途径工程在粮食作物中的影响提供重要的见解。鉴于胡萝卜素在人类饮食中作为抗氧化剂的重要性，以及类胡萝卜素在降低全球某些人群中黄斑变性、各种癌症和维生素A缺乏症的发病率和进展方面的作用，进一步了解参与类胡萝卜素和叶黄素合成的酶可能对人群的整体健康产生有益的影响。